Nitrous oxide emission reduced by coated nitrate fertilizer in a cool-temperate region
Nitrous oxide emission reduced by coated nitrate fertilizer in a cool-temperate region
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寒温带地区施用硝肥包膜减少氧化亚氮排放
DOI：
10.1007/s10705-020-10116-3
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Oka Norikuni
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nishimura Seiichi;Sugito Tomoko;Nagatake Arata;Oka Norikuni
施用包膜硝酸盐肥料有望成为减少农田土壤氧化亚氮（N2 O）排放的一种可能策略。为评价施用包膜硝态氮肥料对土壤N2 O排放的影响，于2016 - 2017年对胡萝卜田N2 O排放通量进行了测定。研究了硫酸铵（AS）、包膜尿素（CU;仅在2017年）、包膜硝酸钙（CC）和无氮（NN）肥料。2016年，在施肥后约45天内，所有地块的N2 O通量都没有明显增加。2017年，仅在春季的AS地块中发现N2 O和一氧化氮通量（分别高达142和436 µg N m− 2 h −1）同时显著增加，表明硝化作用增强了N2 O的产生。7月中旬以后，降雨后所有样地（包括NN样地）的N2 O通量都随着土壤含水量的增加而暂时增加，2016年（高达183-342 µg N m− 2 h −1）和2017年（高达56-86 µg N m− 2 h −1），表明N2 O的产生主要通过反硝化作用。2016年，所有处理的N2 O累积排放量没有显著差异，而2017年CC地块的N2 O累积排放量显著低于AS地块的36%。这些结果表明，涂层硝酸钙肥料的应用可以减少通过硝化作用产生的N2 O的排放，从而减少累积N2 O排放量的领域，硝化作用是主要的N2 O生产过程中的土壤。
Application of coated nitrate fertilizers is expected to be a possible strategy to reduce nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from soils of croplands. To evaluate the effects of coated nitrate fertilizer application on N2O emissions from soils, N2O fluxes were measured in a carrot field from 2016 to 2017. Ammonium sulfate (AS), coated urea (CU; only in 2017), coated calcium nitrate (CC), and no-nitrogen (NN) fertilizers were investigated. No recognizable increase in N2O flux was observed for about 45 days after fertilization in all the plots in 2016. In 2017, significant simultaneous increases in N2O and nitric oxide fluxes (up to 142 and 436 µg N m−2h−1, respectively) were found only in the AS plots in spring, indicating enhancement of N2O production via nitrification. After mid-July, the N2O fluxes increased temporarily with the increase in soil water content after rainfall in all the plots including the NN plots in 2016 (up to 183–342 µg N m−2h−1) and 2017 (up to 56–86 µg N m−2h−1), indicating N2O production mainly via denitrification. Cumulative N2O emissions did not differ significantly among all the treatments in 2016, whereas that in the CC plots was significantly lower than that in the AS plots by 36% in 2017. These results suggest that the application of coated calcium nitrate fertilizers can reduce emissions of N2O produced via nitrification and can thus reduce cumulative N2O emissions in fields where nitrification is the major N2O production process in the soil.