Prepartum nutrition alters fatty acid composition in plasma, adipose tissue, and liver lipids of periparturient dairy cows
Prepartum nutrition alters fatty acid composition in plasma, adipose tissue, and liver lipids of periparturient dairy cows
复制标题
DOI：
10.3168/jds.2006-225
复制
发表时间：
2007-06-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Drackley, J. K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Douglas, G. N.;Rehage, J.;Drackley, J. K.
磷脂（PL）的脂肪酰基分布决定了细胞膜的流动性并影响细胞功能。在围产期奶牛中，日粮营养可以在多大程度上改变肝脏中PL和三酰甘油（TG）的长链脂肪酸（LCFA）组成以及脂肪组织中的总脂质，目前尚不清楚。将经产荷斯坦牛（n = 25）分配到4种常规饲料中的一种：1）CA，满足120%能量需要的对照饲料; 2）CR，满足80%能量需要的对照饲料; 3）S，补充大部分饱和游离脂肪酸的饲料（47% 16：0，36% 18：0，14%顺式-18：1）并饲喂以满足120%的需求;或4）U，与S类似的饮食，不同之处在于奶牛真胃注入大豆油，以便饮食加上注入的脂肪将满足120%的需求。饮食喂养40天，产后所有奶牛接受泌乳饮食。CR组和U组的干物质和净能量摄入量较低，但血浆葡萄糖浓度在各处理之间相似。饲喂S、U或CR的奶牛血浆中的非酯化脂肪酸较多，但饲喂U的奶牛产后α-羟基丁酸减少。产后肝组织中总脂质和糖原的浓度在治疗之间是相似的。U组奶牛血浆总脂中18：2的比例高于S组奶牛，而16：0、18：0和20：4的比例低于S组奶牛。产后1 d，治疗U使皮下脂肪组织增加18：2和18：3，降低18：1。在整个饮食中，产后第1天肝脏PL中16：0和反式-18：1的百分比增加，18：0，20：3和20：5减少。显著的治疗x时间相互作用表明，在产后第1天，治疗U使肝脏PL增加18：2，代价是18：1、20：3、20：4、22：6和24：0，但产后第65天变化正常化。肝磷脂的不饱和指数在分娩后1 d低于45 d和65 d，表明分娩前后肝膜流动性降低。在第1天，饲喂S的奶牛的不饱和指数大于饲喂CA或U的奶牛。在第1天，肝脏TG的16：0、18：1和22：0比值增加，18：0、20：3、20：4、20：5、24：0和26：0比值降低。禁食限制适度影响组织LCFA谱。脂肪组织、肝脏PL和肝脏TG的LCFA谱可以通过饮食LCFA供应量来改变;肝脏的变化在产后65天恢复正常。
The fatty acyl profile of phospholipids ( PL) determines the fluidity of cell membranes and affects cell function. The degree to which long-chain fatty acid ( LCFA) composition of PL and triacylglycerols ( TG) in liver and total lipids in adipose tissue can be altered by prepartum nutrition in peripartal dairy cows is unclear. Multiparous Holsteins ( n = 25) were assigned to 1 of 4 prepartal diets: 1) CA, the control diet fed to meet 120% of energy requirements; 2) CR, a control diet fed to meet 80% of requirements; 3) S, a diet supplemented with mostly saturated free fatty acids ( 47% 16: 0, 36% 18: 0, 14% cis-18: 1) and fed to meet 120% of requirements; or 4) U, a diet similar to S except that cows were abomasally infused with soybean oil so that the diet plus infused fat would meet 120% of requirements. Diets were fed for 40 d prepartum; all cows received a lactation diet postpartum. Groups CR and U had lower prepartum intakes of dry matter and net energy, but glucose concentrations in plasma were similar among treatments. Cows fed S, U, or CR had greater nonesterified fatty acids in plasma prepartum, but cows fed U had decreased alpha-hydroxybutyrate postpartum. Postpartal concentrations of total lipids and glycogen in liver tissue were similar among treatments. Cows in group U had a greater percentage of 18: 2 but less 16: 0, 18: 0, and 20: 4 in plasma total lipids than cows fed S. Treatment U increased 18: 2 and 18: 3 and decreased 18: 1 in subcutaneous adipose tissue at 1 d postpartum. Across diets, percentages of 16: 0 and trans-18: 1 were increased, and 18: 0, 20: 3, and 20: 5 were decreased, in hepatic PL at d 1 postpartum. Significant treatment x time interactions indicated that treatment U increased 18: 2 in hepatic PL at the expense of 18: 1, 20: 3, 20: 4, 22: 6, and 24: 0 on d 1 postpartum, but changes were normalized by d 65 postpartum. The unsaturation index of hepatic PL was lower at d 1 than at d -45 or 65, which implies that hepatic membrane fluidity decreased around parturition. The unsaturation index at d 1 was greater for cows fed S than those fed CA or U. Percentages of 16: 0, 18: 1, and 22: 0 were increased, and 18: 0, 20: 3, 20: 4, 20: 5, 24: 0, and 26: 0 were decreased, in hepatic TG at d 1. Prepartal feed restriction modestly affected tissue LCFA profiles. The LCFA profile of adipose tissue, liver PL, and liver TG can be altered by dietary LCFA supply prepartum; changes in liver are normalized by 65 d postpartum.