Inferring convective responses to El Niño with atmospheric electricity measurements at Shetland
Inferring convective responses to El Niño with atmospheric electricity measurements at Shetland
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通过设得兰群岛的大气电测量推断对厄尔尼诺现象的对流响应
DOI：
10.1088/1748-9326/6/4/044028
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
K. Pascoe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Richard Harrison;Manoj Joshi;K. Pascoe
与厄尔尼诺-南方涛动（ENSO）相关的太平洋温度异常调节大气对流，从而调节雷暴带电。产生的电流通过大气电路在全球流动，可以在地球上的任何地方进行监测。在设得兰群岛（苏格兰）进行的大气电测量显示出对ENSO的平均全球电路响应，其特征是在“厄尔尼诺”条件下加强，在“拉尼娜”条件下减弱。检查每小时变化的响应表明，一个潜在的梯度（PG）的增加，中午UT可能与大气对流的变化和由此产生的闪电活动在赤道非洲和东亚。在UT午夜之后PG的第二次增加可以归因于“厄尔尼诺”期间太平洋中部更多的阵雨云。
Pacific ocean temperature anomalies associated with the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) modulate atmospheric convection and hence thunderstorm electrification. The generated current flows globally via the atmospheric electric circuit, which can be monitored anywhere on Earth. Atmospheric electricity measurements made at Shetland (in Scotland) display a mean global circuit response to ENSO that is characterized by strengthening during ‘El Niño’ conditions, and weakening during ‘La Niña’ conditions. Examining the hourly varying response indicates that a potential gradient (PG) increase around noon UT is likely to be associated with a change in atmospheric convection and resultant lightning activity over equatorial Africa and Eastern Asia. A secondary increase in PG just after midnight UT can be attributed to more shower clouds in the central Pacific ocean during an ‘El Niño’.