Cone photoreceptor diversity in the retinas of fruit bats (Megachiroptera)
Cone photoreceptor diversity in the retinas of fruit bats (Megachiroptera)
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DOI：
10.1159/000102971
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Peichl, Leo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mueller, Brigitte;Goodman, Steven M.;Peichl, Leo
更早的研究声称，包括巨尾蝙蝠(果蝠或飞狐)在内的蝙蝠有纯杆状视网膜，没有视锥感光器。我们测定了4个属的6种大型翼手目昆虫的光谱锥体类型的存在和种群密度，它们分别是：凤尾蝶、黑斑翅目、罗德里格斯、马德卡斯里氏斑潜蝇、杜普利斑潜蝇和冈比亚斑潜蝇。用视蛋白特异性抗体进行免疫细胞化学检测光谱锥体类型和视杆细胞。这六个物种的视网膜都以杆状为主，但都有显着的视锥种群。视杆密度高(范围350,000-800,000/mm2，取决于物种和视网膜位置)为这些主要在夜间活动的动物提供了良好的暗视敏感度。视锥细胞(密度范围1,300-11,000/mm(2)，相当于光感受器的0.25%-0.6%，取决于种类和视网膜位置)，视网膜也具备在明视光线水平下视觉的先决条件。这三种翼手属具有两种光谱锥体类型，大多数是中长波敏感(L-)锥体，少数是短波敏感(S-)锥体，这表明它们具有二色性色觉。这与在大多数哺乳动物身上发现的模式一致。与之相反的是，罗塞特斯、Eidolon和Epomophorus有L视锥，但完全没有S视锥，表现为视锥单色性和色盲。讨论将这些发现与果蝠的视觉行为联系起来。版权所有(C)2007 S.Karger AG，巴塞尔
Older studies have claimed that bats including the Megachi-roptera ( fruit bats or flying foxes) have pure-rod retinas and possess no cone photoreceptors. We have determined the presence and the population densities of spectral cone types in six megachiropteran species belonging to four genera: Pteropus rufus, P. niger, P. rodricensis, Rousettus madagascariensis, Eidolon dupreanum, and Epomophorus gambianus. Spectral cone types and rods were assessed immunocytochemically with opsin-specific antibodies. All six species have rod-dominated retinas but possess significant cone populations. The high rod densities (range 350,000-800,000/ mm 2, depending on species and retinal location) provide good scotopic sensitivity in these predominantly nocturnal animals. With the cones (density range 1,300-11,000/ mm(2), corresponding to 0.25-0.6% of the photoreceptors, depending on species and retinal location) the retinas also possess the prerequisite for vision at photopic light levels. The three Pteropus species have two spectral cone types, a majority of middle-to-long-wave sensitive (L-) cones, and a minority of short-wave sensitive (S-) cones, indicating the potential for dichromatic color vision. This conforms to the pattern found in most mammals. In contrast, Rousettus, Eidolon and Epomophorus have L-cones but completely lack S-cones, indicating cone monochromacy and color blindness. The discussion relates these findings to the visual behavior of fruit bats. Copyright (c) 2007 S. Karger AG, Basel