Large air quality and human health impacts due to Amazon forest and vegetation fires
Large air quality and human health impacts due to Amazon forest and vegetation fires
复制标题
DOI：
10.1088/2515-7620/abb0db
复制
发表时间：
2020-09-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Spracklen, Dominick, V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Butt, Edward W.;Conibear, Luke;Spracklen, Dominick, V
热带地区的植被火灾会向大气中排放细颗粒物（PM2.5），降低区域空气质量并影响人类健康。亚马逊流域经常发生大面积植被火灾，但没有详细评估对空气质量或人类健康的影响。我们使用了更新的确定-响应关系和区域气候-化学模型，并根据一组全面的观测数据进行了评估，以提供对亚马逊流域防火潜在公共卫生效益的首次深入评估。我们关注的是2012年，这一年的排放量与11年（2008年至2018年）的平均水平相似。在亚马逊西部地区，特别是在玻利维亚和巴西的朗多尼亚州、阿克里州和马托格罗索州，植被火灾贡献了模拟旱季平均地表PM（2.5）的80%以上。我们估计，预防植被火灾将在南美洲避免16800（95 UI：16300 - 17400）例过早死亡和641000（95 UI：551900 - 741300）例残疾调整生命年（DADs），其中26%的避免健康负担位于亚马逊流域。亚马逊地区防火对健康的好处与赤道亚洲地区相当。
Vegetation fires across the tropics emit fine particulate matter (PM2.5) to the atmosphere, degrading regional air quality and impacting human health. Extensive vegetation fires occur regularly across the Amazon basin, but there have been no detailed assessments of the impacts on air quality or human health. We used updated exposure-response relationships and a regional climate-chemistry model, evaluated against a comprehensive set of observational data, to provide the first in-depth assessment of the potential public health benefits due to fire prevention across the Amazon Basin. We focused on 2012, a year with emissions similar to the 11-year average (2008 to 2018). Vegetation fires contributed >80% of simulated dry season mean surface PM(2.5)in the western Amazon region particularly in Bolivia and Brazilian states of Rondonia, Acre, and Mato Grosso. We estimate that the prevention of vegetation fires would have averted 16 800 (95UI: 16 300-17 400) premature deaths and 641 000 (95UI: 551 900-741 300) disability adjusted life years (DALYs) across South America, with 26% of the avoided health burden located within the Amazon Basin. The health benefits of fire prevention in the Amazon are comparable to those found in Equatorial Asia.