Regression‐assisted inference for the average treatment effect in paired experiments

Regression‐assisted inference for the average treatment effect in paired experiments
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配对实验中平均治疗效果的回归辅助推断

DOI:
10.1093/biomet/asy034
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发表时间:
2016
期刊:
影响因子:
2.7
通讯作者:
Colin B. Fogarty
Colin B. Fogarty
中科院分区:
数学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Colin B. Fogarty

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总结在配对随机实验中,尽管从业者尽了最大努力,给定配对中的个体可能在统计学上重要的协变量上存在差异。我们研究了使用回归调整来纠正随机化后持续的协变量失衡,并在配对实验中为样本平均治疗效应提供了两个回归辅助估计量。使用潜在的结果框架,我们证明了这些估计是一致的样本平均治疗效果在温和的正则性条件下,即使回归模型是不正确的指定,并描述如何渐近保守的置信区间可以构造。我们证明了回归辅助估计量的方差渐近地不大于标准均值差估计量的方差,并通过模拟说明了所提出的方法。该分析不需要超群体模型、恒定的治疗效应或回归模型的真实性,因此提供了样本平均治疗效应的推断,具有增加功效的潜力,而无需不切实际的假设。
Summary In paired randomized experiments, individuals in a given matched pair may differ on prognostically important covariates despite the best efforts of practitioners. We examine the use of regression adjustment to correct for persistent covariate imbalances after randomization, and present two regression‐assisted estimators for the sample average treatment effect in paired experiments. Using the potential outcomes framework, we prove that these estimators are consistent for the sample average treatment effect under mild regularity conditions even if the regression model is improperly specified, and describe how asymptotically conservative confidence intervals can be constructed. We demonstrate that the variances of the regression‐assisted estimators are no larger than that of the standard difference‐in‐means estimator asymptotically, and illustrate the proposed methods by simulation. The analysis does not require a superpopulation model, a constant treatment effect, or the truth of the regression model, and hence provides inference for the sample average treatment effect with the potential to increase power without unrealistic assumptions.
DOI: 10.1093/biostatistics/5.2.263
发表时间: 2004-04-01
期刊: BIOSTATISTICS
影响因子: 2.1
作者:
Greevy, R;Lu, B;Rosenbaum, P
通讯作者: Rosenbaum, P
DOI: 10.1214/07-sts227b
发表时间: 2007-01-01
期刊: Statistical science : a review journal of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics
影响因子: --
作者:
Tsiatis, Anastasios A;Davidian, Marie
通讯作者: Davidian, Marie
DOI: 10.1080/01621459.2017.1407322
发表时间: 2019-01-02
影响因子: 3.7
作者:
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通讯作者: Miratrix, Luke