The use of the 'reverse Cornfield inequality' to assess the sensitivity of a non-significant association to an omitted variable.
The use of the 'reverse Cornfield inequality' to assess the sensitivity of a non-significant association to an omitted variable.
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使用“反向康菲尔德不等式”来评估与遗漏变量的非显着关联的敏感性。
DOI：
10.1002/sim.1639
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发表时间：
2003
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Gastwirth,JosephL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yu,Binbing;Gastwirth,JosephL
与随机实验研究不同，研究者无法控制观察性研究中的治疗分配。因此，给药组和对照（非给药）组的未观察协变量分布可能存在很大差异。因此，如果将观察性数据视为来自对照研究进行分析，则分析可能存在潜在偏倚。敏感性分析是一种技术，用于评估从研究中得出的推断是否会因不同组中协变量分布之间的适度“不平衡”而改变。在本文中，我们从一个新的角度检查了2 × 2表格中比例检验的敏感性分析：“是否可能因为治疗组具有更高的未观察到的风险因素患病率而发生非显著性结果？”该研究的动机是对法律的决定中引用的关于杀精剂使用对出生缺陷可能影响的研究进行分析。版权所有© 2003年约翰威利父子有限公司。
Unlike randomized experimental studies, investigators do not have control over the treatment assignment in observational studies. Hence, the treated and control (non‐treated) groups may have widely different distributions of unobserved covariates. Thus, if observational data are analysed as if they had arisen from a controlled study, the analyses are subject to potential bias. Sensitivity analysis is a technique for assessing whether the inference drawn from a study could be altered by a moderate ‘imbalance’, between the distribution of the covariates in different groups. In this paper, we examine the sensitivity analysis of the test of proportions in 2 × 2 tables from a new perspective: ‘could a non‐significant result have occurred because the treated group has a higher prevalence of an unobserved risk factor?’. The study was motivated by an analysis of the studies concerning with the possible effect of spermicide use on birth defects that were cited in a legal decision. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.