A test of the regulatory fit hypothesis in perceptual classification learning
A test of the regulatory fit hypothesis in perceptual classification learning
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DOI：
10.3758/bf03195904
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发表时间：
2006-10-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Markman, Arthur B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Maddox, W. Todd;Baldwin, Grant C.;Markman, Arthur B.
本文在动机的调节焦点研究与分类学习之间架起了一座桥梁。它测试的假设，情境调节焦点和奖励结构的任务之间的配合导致更大的认知灵活性比情境焦点和奖励结构之间的不匹配，以及调节焦点引起的处理特性和环境的性质之间的配合影响性能。在实验1中，我们使用了一个分类任务，认知灵活性应该是有利的，并检查收益（实验1A）和损失（实验1B）奖励结构。在实验2和3中，我们使用了一个分类任务，认知灵活性应该是不利的。在实验2中，我们使用收益奖励结构，在实验3中，我们使用损失奖励结构。正如所预测的那样，当认知灵活性是有利的，参与者在一个调节适合显示更快的学习和更快地转向最佳的反应策略。正如预测的那样，当认知灵活性处于不利地位时，调节不匹配的参与者表现出更快的学习速度，更快地转向最佳反应策略。目前的动机和分类学习理论的影响进行了讨论。
This article builds a bridge between research on regulatory focus in motivation and classification learning. It tests the hypothesis that a fit between the situational regulatory focus and the reward structure of the task leads to greater cognitive flexibility than does a mismatch between situational focus and the reward structure and that the fit between the regulatory-focus-induced processing characteristics and the nature of the environment influences performance. In Experiment 1, we used a classification task for which cognitive flexibility should be advantageous and examined both gains (Experiment 1A) and losses (Experiment 1B) reward structures. In Experiments 2 and 3, we used a classification task for which cognitive flexibility should be disadvantageous. In Experiment 2, we used a gains reward structure, and in Experiment 3, we used a losses reward structure. As was predicted, when cognitive flexibility was advantageous, the participants in a regulatory fit showed faster learning and more quickly shifted toward the optimal response strategy. Also as was predicted, when cognitive flexibility was disadvantageous, the participants in a regulatory mismatch showed faster learning and more quickly shifted toward the optimal response strategy. Implications for current theories of motivation and classification learning are discussed.