Practicing prospection promotes patience: Repeated episodic future thinking cumulatively reduces delay discounting
Practicing prospection promotes patience: Repeated episodic future thinking cumulatively reduces delay discounting
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.06.010
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发表时间：
2019-11-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Bickel, Warren K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mellis, Alexandra M.;Snider, Sarah E.;Bickel, Warren K.
背景资料：延迟折扣，或更小的偏好，更快，更大，更晚的奖励，与酒精使用障碍和问题饮酒有关。情景式未来思维被认为是一种干预措施，可以解决延迟折扣问题。在本研究中，我们检查了最多连续六次情景未来思维的效果。方法：在六次会议上从当前和最近的问题饮酒者（n = 50）中收集了重复的受试者内数据。线性混合效应模型用于估计重复会话和操作的影响。参与者在多达六个会议上完成了情景式未来思维访谈，在这些会议上他们生成了个性化的未来事件。参与者还参与了稀缺性的暗示。在每一次会议上，参与者完成了三个延迟折扣任务下：无线索基线条件下，未来的线索条件下，和稀缺cue condition.Results：延迟折扣在无线索条件下并没有随着时间的推移而改变。贴现率降低，在未来的线索条件下，这些影响越来越大的重复会议。在稀缺的条件下，折扣率略高，没有影响的重复sessions.Conclusions：情节未来的思维降低延迟折扣率，而未来的线索，这些影响越来越大，重复的会议。这表明，重复的情景式未来思维可能会累积地加强对即时奖励的过度偏好的修复。
Background: Delay discounting, or the preference for smaller, sooner over larger, later rewards, has been associated with alcohol use disorder and problem drinking. Episodic future thinking has been suggested as an intervention to address steep delay discounting. In the present study, we examined the effect of up to six consecutive sessions of episodic future thinking.Methods: Repeated, within-subject data were collected from current and recent problem drinkers (n = 50) over six sessions. Linear mixed-effect models were used to estimate effects of repeated sessions and manipulations. Participants completed episodic future thinking interviews at up to six sessions, in which they generated personalized future events. Participants also engaged with cues of scarcity. At each session, participants completed three delay discounting tasks under: a no-cue baseline condition, a future cue condition, and a scarcity cue condition.Results: Delay discounting in the no cue condition did not change over time. Discounting rates were reduced in the future cue condition, and these effects grew larger with repeated sessions. In the scarcity condition, discounting rates were slightly higher, with no effect of repeated sessions.Conclusions: Episodic future thinking reduced delay discounting rate while future cues were presented, and these effects grew larger with repeated sessions. This suggests that repeated episodic future thinking may cumulatively potentiate repair of excessive preference for immediate reward.