Modeling impacts of broad-scale plantation forestry on ecosystem services in the past 60 years and for the future
Modeling impacts of broad-scale plantation forestry on ecosystem services in the past 60 years and for the future
复制标题
模拟过去 60 年和未来大规模人工林对生态系统服务的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.ecoser.2021.101271
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Sano Makoto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yamaura Yuichi;Yamada Yusuke;Matsuura Toshiya;Tamai Koji;Taki Hisatomo;Sato Tamotsu;Hashimoto Shoji;Murakami Wataru;Toda Kenichiro;Saito Hitoshi;Nanko Kazuki;Ito Eriko;Takayama Norimasa;Tsuzuki Nobuyuki;Takahashi Masayoshi;Yamaki Kazushige;Sano Makoto
尽管人工林在世界许多地方占据主导地位，但种植园林对各种生态系统服务的影响仍然未知。在这里，我们模拟了10个森林ES作为森林类型（天然林与种植园），林分年龄和环境协变量的功能，系统地评估ES在日本中部的种植园景观。我们的模型表明，虽然三个ES，包括生物多样性保护和市容服务大大减少了取代天然林与人工林，其他ES表现出较小的变化，甚至增加时，林分年龄占。随着林龄的增加，两种林型中有5种ES增加，4种ES减少。在过去的60年里，模型应用到研究区域表明，许多ES大大减少时或之后立即建立了巨大的人工林。尽管森林已达到成熟期，但两个生态系统（生物多样性保护和舒适服务）尚未充分恢复。依赖于早期演替阶段的ES最近急剧下降。情景分析表明，增加木材产量，同时避免采伐陡坡不会增加滑坡的可能性。此外，恢复公路附近平坦地区的天然林将大大改善生物多样性保护和便利服务。景观管理将决定种植园是否为今世后代带来净效益。
Although forestry plantations dominate landscapes in many parts of the world, effects of plantation forestry on various ecosystem services (ESs) remain unknown. Here, we modeled 10 forest ESs as functions of forest type (natural forest vs. plantation), stand age, and environmental covariates to systematically evaluate ESs of plantation landscapes in central Japan. Our models showed that although three ESs including biodiversity conservation and amenity service are greatly reduced by replacing natural forests with plantations, other ESs show small changes or even increase when stand age is accounted for. Five ESs increase and four decrease with stand age in both forest types. Model application to the study area in the past 60 years suggested that many ESs were greatly reduced when or immediately after vast plantations were established. Two ESs (biodiversity conservation and amenity service) have not sufficiently recovered despite forests’ reaching maturity. ESs dependent on early-successional stage showed precipitous recent declines. Scenario analysis suggests that increasing timber production while avoiding harvesting steep slopes would not increase landslide susceptibility. Furthermore, restoration of natural forests in flat areas near roads would greatly improve biodiversity conservation and amenity services. Landscape management will determine whether plantations deliver net benefits to current and future generations.