Genomic structure, polymorphism and expression analysis of growth hormone-releasing hormone and pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide genes in the half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis).
Genomic structure, polymorphism and expression analysis of growth hormone-releasing hormone and pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide genes in the half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis).
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DOI：
10.4238/2011.december.12.1
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发表时间：
2011-12
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Qian Ma;Shufang Liu;Z.-M. Zhuang;Lin Lin-Lin;Z. Sun;C. Liu;Y. Su;Q. Tang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Qian Ma;Shufang Liu;Z.-M. Zhuang;Lin Lin-Lin;Z. Sun;C. Liu;Y. Su;Q. Tang
生长激素释放激素（GHRH）和垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活多肽（PACAP）调节硬骨鱼的发育和体细胞生长，它们可能与半滑舌鳎（Cynoglossus semilaevis）的性生长二型性有关。我们发现，从女性和男性获得的全长GHRH和PACAP基因序列分别由4160，4159，2425，和2446 bp，每个都包括4个外显子和3个内含子。当我们分析正常女性和男性以及超大型成年男性时，发现GHRH和PACAP mRNA主要在大脑中表达;在正常男性中表达水平最高。超大型雄性表现出最低的GHRH和PACAP的mRNA水平。在发育过程中GHRH和PACAP mRNA表达的性别差异也进行了研究，在一个全同胞家庭，GHRH和PACAP mRNA检测在所有27个采样时间从10至410日龄。在20 ~ 100日龄的大部分时间内，雌鱼GHRH的表达水平显著高于雄鱼，而120日龄以后，雌鱼GHRH的表达水平显著低于雄鱼。在GHRH和PACAP基因中发现了5个微卫星位点。利用这5个多态性标记对224只个体进行了基因分型，结果表明，渤海、黄海和孵化场样本中的雌、雄个体间差异不显著。
Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) regulate development and somatic growth in teleosts; they may be associated with sexual growth dimorphism in the half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis). We found that the full-length GHRH and PACAP gene sequences obtained from females and males consist of 4160, 4159, 2425, and 2446 bp, respectively, each of which includes four exons and three introns. When we analyzed normal females and males and extra-large male adults, GHRH and PACAP mRNA were found to be predominantly expressed in the brain; the expression levels were highest in normal males. The extra-large males exhibited the lowest mRNA levels of both GHRH and PACAP. Sex differences in GHRH and PACAP mRNA expression during development were also examined in a full-sib family; GHRH and PACAP mRNA were detected at all 27 times sampled from 10 to 410 days old. The GHRH expression levels in females were significantly higher than in males at most of the stages between 20 and 100 days old, while lower than those of males after 120 days old. Five microsatellite loci were identified in GHRH and PACAP genes. We used these five polymorphic markers to genotype 224 individuals, and no significant differences were found between females and males from the Bohai Sea, the Yellow Sea and hatchery samples.