Electroantennogram and behavioural responses of the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae to human-specific sweat components
Electroantennogram and behavioural responses of the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae to human-specific sweat components
复制标题
DOI：
10.1046/j.0269-283x.2001.00297.x
复制
发表时间：
2001-09-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Pickett, JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Costantini, C;Birkett, MA;Pickett, JA
冈比亚按蚊复合体（双翅目：蚊科）的非洲热带疟疾媒介，特别是冈比亚按蚊。严格意义上的冈比亚，主要吸引人类宿主。人体挥发性排放物的主要来源是汗液，其中关键的人体特异性组分是羧酸（E）-和（Z）-3-甲基-2-己烯酸和7-辛烯酸。本文报道了安氏按蚊触角的电生理研究。冈比亚公司对这些化合物表现出选择性敏感性，其阈值为10（-6）g，与已知的嗅觉刺激剂1-辛烯-3-醇、对甲酚、异戊酸相当，而对L-乳酸和合成驱蚊剂N，N-二乙基甲苯酰胺（DEET）的敏感性低于阈值。在风洞生物测定中，在浓度> 10（-5）g时释放的酸的组合显著降低了对人类宿主释放的主要引诱剂CO2的响应。冈比亚公司原产于东非和西非。在布基纳法索进行的气味诱饵诱捕器（OBBQ）田间试验表明，7-辛烯酸显著增加了雌性安氏按蚊的捕获量（增加了1.7倍）。广义冈比亚种（包括两个姊妹种：冈比亚种和冈比亚种）。arabiensis Patton和阿拉伯拟步行虫An. gambiae s.s.）在以CO2为诱饵的OBBINS中，而酸的组合显著降低了CO2诱饵陷阱（2.1倍）和整个人类气味诱饵陷阱（1.5倍）的捕获量。3-甲基-2-己烯酸的纯（E）和（Z）几何异构体给出与（E/Z）异构体混合物相当的结果。这些结果提供了人类特异性化合物影响高度亲脂性An行为的第一个实验证据。冈比亚有限公司蚊子这些化合物似乎抑制了对已知的长距离引诱剂的“逆风飞行”反应，并且可以用来“掩盖”存在的引诱剂，或者更可能地，当蚊子在自然条件下到达宿主时“逮捕”逆风飞行。在最后接近宿主的过程中，已知病媒会降低飞行速度并增加转弯率，以避免超过源。在我们的实验装置中，这些飞行行为的变化将减少进入收集装置端口的蚊子数量。
Afrotropical malaria vectors of the Anopheles gambiae complex (Diptera: Culicidae), particularly An. gambiae sensu stricto, are attracted mainly to human hosts. A major source of human volatile emissions is sweat, from which key human-specific components are the carboxylic acids (E)- and (Z)-3-methyl-2-hexenoic acid and 7-octenoic acid. Electrophysiological studies on the antennae of An. gambiae s.s. showed selective sensitivity to these compounds, with a threshold at 10(-6) g comparable to that of known olfactory stimulants 1-octen-3-ol, P-cresol, isovaleric acid, and lower than threshold sensitivity to L-lactic acid and the synthetic mosquito repellent N,N-diethyltoluamide (DEET). A combination of the acids released at concentrations > 10(-5) g in wind tunnel bioassays significantly reduced the response to CO2, the major attractant released by human hosts, for strains of An. gambiae s.s. originating from East and West Africa. Field trials with odour-baited entry traps (OBETs) in Burkina Faso showed that 7-octenoic acid significantly increased (by 1.7-fold) the catch of females of An. gambiae sensu lato (comprising two sibling species: An. arabiensis Patton and An. gambiae s.s.) in OBETs baited with CO2, whereas combinations of the acids significantly reduced the catch in CO2-baited traps (by 2.1-fold) and in whole human odour-baited traps (by 1.5-fold). The pure (E) and (Z) geometric isomers of 3-methyl-2-hexenoic acid gave comparable results to the (E/Z) isomer mixture. These results provide the first experimental evidence that human-specific compounds affect the behaviour of highly anthropophilic An. gambiae s.l. mosquitoes. The compounds appear to inhibit the 'upwind flight' response to known long-range attractants, and may serve either to 'mask' the attractants present or, more probably, to 'arrest' upwind flight when mosquitoes arrive at a host under natural conditions. In the final approach to hosts, vectors are known to reduce their flight speed and increase their turning rate, to avoid overshooting the source. In our experimental apparatus, these changes in flight behaviour would reduce the number of mosquitoes entering the ports of the collection devices.