Testing the trait-based community framework: Do functional traits predict competitive outcomes?
Testing the trait-based community framework: Do functional traits predict competitive outcomes?
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/ecy.1484
复制
发表时间：
2016-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Wolf, Amelia A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Funk, Jennifer L.;Wolf, Amelia A.
植物特性可以用来理解一系列的生态过程，包括与入侵物种的竞争。本土物种和入侵物种通过限制相似性或特征等级进行竞争的程度，对入侵群落的管理具有重要意义。我们筛选了47种与加州蛇形草原上的优势入侵者羊茅共生的本地物种，以寻找与资源利用和获取有关的特征。然后，在两两竞争试验中，我们用10个物种培育出了功能相似的小球藻。功能上相似的物种并不像有限相似理论所预期的那样，对褐飞虱的表现产生强烈的不利影响。可能整合了许多功能特征的系统发育亲缘关系也不能很好地预测竞争结果。相反，比根长高、根冠比低、叶片含氮量低的树种更能有效地抑制黄瓜的生长。我们的结果表明，适应度差异(即特征等级)可能比生态位差异(即限制相似性)在构建该系统中的竞争结果时更重要，并且可能是一种有前途的入侵系统恢复方法。
Plant traits can be used to understand a range of ecological processes, including competition with invasive species. The extent to which native and invasive species are competing via limiting similarity or trait hierarchies has important implications for the management of invaded communities. We screened 47 native species that co-occur with Festuca perennis, a dominant invader in California serpentine grassland, for traits pertaining to resource use and acquisition. We then grew F. perennis with 10 species spanning a range of functional similarity in pairwise competition trials. Functionally similar species did not have a strong adverse effect on F. perennis performance as would be expected by limiting similarity theory. Phylogenetic relatedness, which may integrate a number of functional traits, was also a poor predictor of competitive outcome. Instead, species with high specific root length, low root-to-shoot biomass ratio, and low leaf nitrogen concentration were more effective at suppressing the growth of F. perennis. Our results suggest that fitness differences (i.e., trait hierarchies) may be more important than niche differences (i.e., limiting similarity) in structuring competitive outcomes in this system and may be a promising approach for the restoration of invaded systems.