The Effect of Glucose on Hippocampal-Dependent Contextual Fear Conditioning
The Effect of Glucose on Hippocampal-Dependent Contextual Fear Conditioning
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.09.022
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发表时间：
2014-06-01
影响因子：
10.6
通讯作者：
Craske, Michelle G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Glenn, Daniel E.;Minor, Thomas R.;Craske, Michelle G.
背景资料：创伤的代谢挑战破坏了海马的功能，这是处理复杂的共同发生的元素，包括创伤背景所必需的。对创伤的不良背景记忆可能随后导致侵入性记忆和恐惧的过度概括。创伤后的葡萄糖消耗可能是保护海马功能和情境恐惧学习的一种手段。本研究通过实验研究葡萄糖依赖的上下文学习与线索恐惧learning in humans.Methods的效果：42名男性参与者进行了线索条件反射与无条件刺激（US）（休克）配对的离散条件刺激（几何形状）和上下文条件反射（需要海马处理）与美国不可预测地配对的背景上下文（图片的房间）。然后，参与者被随机随机分配到25克葡萄糖或甜味安慰剂饮料中，并在24小时后返回测试阶段。措施包括声学惊吓反应，美国的期望，血糖水平，和唤醒ratings.Results：葡萄糖组表现出上级的保留在测试中相对于安慰剂组的依赖于背景学习的露营，声学惊吓反应和美国的期望评级证明。葡萄糖和安慰剂组没有不同的任何措施的线索恐惧学习在test.Conclusions：这项研究提供了实验证据表明，在轻度应激的人类后调节葡萄糖消费量提高保留依赖于上下文的学习，但没有线索学习。最终，创伤后葡萄糖的消耗可能是一种改善创伤背景学习的手段，从而防止创伤后应激症状的后续发展。
Background: The metabolic challenge of trauma disrupts hippocampal functioning, which is necessary for processing the complex co-occurring elements comprising the traumatic context. Poor contextual memory of trauma may subsequently contribute to intrusive memories and overgeneralization of fear. Glucose consumption following trauma may be a means to protect hippocampal functioning and contextual fear learning. This study experimentally examined the effect of glucose on hippocampal-dependent contextual learning versus cued fear learning in humans.Methods: Forty-two male participants underwent cued conditioning with an unconditional stimulus (US) (shock) paired with a discrete conditional stimulus (geometric shape) and context conditioning (requiring hippocampal processing) with a US unpredictably paired with a background context (picture of room). Participants were then blindly randomized to consume either a 25 g glucose or sweet-tasting placebo drink and returned for a test phase 24 hours later. Measures included acoustic startle response, US expectancy, blood glucose levels, and arousal ratings.Results: The glucose group showed superior retention of hippocampal-dependent contextual learning at test relative to the placebo group, as demonstrated by acoustic startle response and US expectancy ratings. Glucose and placebo groups did not differ on any measure of cued fear learning at test.Conclusions: This study provides experimental evidence that in mildly stressed humans postconditioning glucose consumption improves retention of hippocampal-dependent contextual learning but not cued learning. Ultimately, glucose consumption following trauma may be a means of improving learning about the traumatic context, thereby preventing subsequent development of symptoms of posttraumatic stress.