BALLISM AND THE SUBTHALAMIC NUCLEUS (NUCLEUS HYPOTHALAMICUS; CORPUS LUYSI): Review of the Literature and Study of Thirty Cases
BALLISM AND THE SUBTHALAMIC NUCLEUS (NUCLEUS HYPOTHALAMICUS; CORPUS LUYSI): Review of the Literature and Study of Thirty Cases
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弹力与丘脑底核（下丘脑核；CORPUS LUYSI）：文献综述及三十例研究
DOI：
10.1001/archneurpsyc.1947.02300350022002
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发表时间：
1947
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
J. Whittier
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Whittier
一、关于半球主义历史发展的总体思考。-在1920年之后的十年间，“偏心症”与丘脑底核(下丘脑核；鲁伊斯核)的病理变化有关(Jakob，1 Martin，2von Santha3和Matzdorff4)。这种不自主运动有时是在大脑不同部位的损伤早已为人所知后出现的。Weir Mitchell5和Charcot6承认他们在中风后频繁出现的单侧症状，并使用了“瘫痪后舞蹈症”和“偏侧舞蹈症”等术语。这些术语，加上哈蒙德早期提出的“肢体运动障碍”，7通常足以区分所遇到的运动类型。8在德国文献中，近端肌肉的暴力受累引起的四肢的甩动或抛掷被描述为术语“偏侧斜视”。因此，Gredenberg9评论说：偏瘫后运动障碍最常见的形式，因此研究最充分，无疑是偏瘫(偏瘫或中风后偏瘫，偏瘫后偏瘫[夏科特]，偏瘫[休林斯])
I. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS Historical Development of Hemiballism. —"Hemiballism" became associated with pathologic changes in the subthalamic nucleus (nucleus hypothalamicus; corpus Luysi) during the decade following 1920 (Jakob,1Martin,2von Santha3and Matzdorff4). That involuntary movements sometimes appeared after lesions localized in various parts of the brain had long been known. Weir Mitchell5and Charcot6recognized their frequent unilateral occurrence after apoplexies with the terms "posthemiplegic chorea" and "hemichorea." These terms, with the earlier contribution of "athetosis" by Hammond,7generally sufficed to distinguish the types of movements encountered.8 In the German literature, the flinging or throwing of the limbs arising from violent involvement of proximal musculature was described under the term "hemiballismus." Thus, Greidenberg9commented: The most frequent form of posthemiplegic motor disturbance, and hence the most adequately investigated, is without doubt hemichorea (posthemiplegic or postapoplectic hemichorea,hemichoree posthemiplegique[Charcot], hemikinesia [Hughlings