Robotic Pets in Human Lives: Implications for the Human-Animal Bond and for Human Relationships with Personified Technologies
Robotic Pets in Human Lives: Implications for the Human-Animal Bond and for Human Relationships with Personified Technologies
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1540-4560.2009.01613.x
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Friedman, Batya
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Melson, Gail F.;Kahn, Peter H., Jr.;Friedman, Batya
机器人“宠物”作为社交伴侣被销售，并用于机器人辅助活动的新兴领域，包括机器人辅助治疗（RAA）。然而，作为社会和治疗伙伴的活体动物的机器人模拟物的局限性和潜力仍然不清楚。儿童和成年人是否认为机器宠物是“像动物”、“像机器”，还是两者兼而有之？机器狗和活狗的社会行为有什么不同？为了解决这些问题，我们综合了三项关于机器狗AIBO的研究的数据：（1）对182名成年AIBO主人的6,438篇互联网帖子的内容分析;（2）对80名学龄前儿童在与AIBO和填充狗玩耍期间的观察和采访;（3）对72名7-15岁的儿童进行了观察和访谈，这些儿童与爱宝和一只活生生的狗一起玩耍。总的来说，这些研究表明，关于AIBO的“混合”认知和行为出现了：机器狗被视为一种技术制品，也体现了活动物的属性，例如具有精神状态，作为社会其他人，以及具有道德地位（尽管后者的发现仍然难以解释）。探讨了使用机器人宠物作为同伴和干预或治疗的影响。
Robotic "pets" are being marketed as social companions and are used in the emerging field of robot-assisted activities, including robot-assisted therapy (RAA). However, the limits to and potential of robotic analogues of living animals as social and therapeutic partners remain unclear. Do children and adults view robotic pets as "animal-like," "machine-like," or some combination of both ? How do social behaviors differ toward a robotic versus living dog ? To address these issues, we synthesized data from three studies of the robotic dog AIBO: (1) a content analysis of 6,438 Internet postings by 182 adult AIBO owners; (2) observations and interviews with 80 preschoolers during play periods with AIBO and with a stuffed dog; and (3) observations and interviews with 72 children, aged 7-15 years, who played with AIBO and a living dog. Overall, the studies revealed that "hybrid" cognitions and behaviors about AIBO emerged: the robotic dog was treated as a technological artifact that also embodied attributes of living animals, such as having mental states, being a social other, and having moral standing (although this latter finding remained difficult to interpret). Implications for use of robotic pets as companions and in interventions or therapy are explored.