Associations of dietary protein with disease and mortality in a prospective study of postmenopausal women
Associations of dietary protein with disease and mortality in a prospective study of postmenopausal women
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DOI：
10.1093/aje/kwi038
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发表时间：
2005-02-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Cerhan, JR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kelemen, LE;Kushi, LH;Cerhan, JR
一些减肥饮食会促进蛋白质的摄入；然而，蛋白质与疾病的关系尚不清楚。 1986 年，对 29,017 名没有癌症、冠心病 (CHD) 或糖尿病的绝经后爱荷华州妇女进行了为期 15 年的前瞻性随访，了解 CHD、癌症和所有原因导致的癌症发病率和死亡率。邮寄问卷评估了饮食、生活方式和医疗信息。营养密度模型通过模拟膳食蛋白质总量和类型替代碳水化合物以及蔬菜替代动物蛋白来估计风险比。作者确定了 4,843 例新癌症、739 例冠心病死亡、1,676 例癌症死亡和 3,978 例总死亡。在摄入量最高的五分位女性中，经过多变量调整后，用植物蛋白等能量替代碳水化合物（95% 置信区间 (CI)：0.49, 0.99）和用植物蛋白替代动物蛋白（95% CI: 0.51, 0.98），冠心病死亡率降低了 30%。尽管用动物蛋白替代碳水化合物时没有观察到与任何结果之间的关联，但当用每 1,000 kcal (4.2 MJ) 碳水化合物食品替代时，CHD 死亡率与红肉（风险比 = 1.44，95% CI：1.06，1.94）和乳制品（风险比 = 1.41，95% CI：1.07，1.86）相关。长期坚持高蛋白饮食，而不歧视蛋白质来源，可能会对健康产生潜在的不利后果。
Some weight loss diets promote protein intake; however, the association of protein with disease is unclear. In 1986, 29,017 postmenopausal Iowa women without cancer, coronary heart disease (CHD), or diabetes were followed prospectively for 15 years for cancer incidence and mortality from CHD, cancer, and all causes. Mailed questionnaires assessed dietary, lifestyle, and medical information. Nutrient density models estimated risk ratios from a simulated substitution of total and type of dietary protein for carbohydrate and of vegetable for animal protein. The authors identified 4,843 new cancers, 739 CHD deaths, 1,676 cancer deaths, and 3,978 total deaths. Among women in the highest intake quintile, CHD mortality decreased by 30% from an isoenergetic substitution of vegetable protein for carbohydrate (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.49, 0.99) and of vegetable for animal protein (95% CI: 0.51, 0.98), following multivariable adjustment. Although no association was observed with any outcome when animal protein was substituted for carbohydrate, CHD mortality was associated with red meats (risk ratio = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.94) and dairy products (risk ratio = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.86) when substituted for servings per 1,000 kcal (4.2 MJ) of carbohydrate foods. Long-term adherence to high-protein diets, without discrimination toward protein source, may have potentially adverse health consequences.