Enhanced reading by training with imposed time constraint in typical and dyslexic adults
Enhanced reading by training with imposed time constraint in typical and dyslexic adults
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms2488
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发表时间：
2013-02-01
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Karni, Avi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Breznitz, Zvia;Shaul, Shelley;Karni, Avi
发育性阅读障碍患者的阅读能力较差一直持续到成年期，而标准的补救方案收效甚微。然而，如果引导读者更快地阅读，阅读能力就会提高。在这里，我们表明这种改进可以通过培训来增强。培训遵循适合无声句子阅读的多会话程序，具有单独设置的、要求越来越高的时间限制（逐字母掩蔽）。对于典型的和有阅读困难的成人读者来说，阅读时间都会缩短，理解力也会提高。训练后，阅读困难读者的表现与典型读者相似；此外，他们的关联文本阅读时间和理解分数在标准阅读测试中显着提高，并在培训后 6 个月内保持不变。没有时间限制的相同培训被证明是无效的。我们的研究结果表明，流畅的阅读部分取决于快速的信息处理，这可能会影响感知、认知处理，甚至可能影响眼球运动。这些过程在成年后仍然具有可塑性，即使是患有发育性阅读障碍的个体也是如此。
Poor reading skills of developmental dyslexics persist into adulthood with standard remediation protocols having little effect. Nevertheless, reading improves if readers are induced to read faster. Here we show that this improvement can be enhanced by training. Training follows a multi-session procedure adapted to silent sentence reading, with individually set, increasingly more demanding, time constraints (letter-by-letter masking). In both typical and dyslexic adult readers, reading times are shortened and comprehension improves. After training, the dyslexic readers' performance is similar to that of typical readers; moreover, their connected text reading times and comprehension scores significantly improve in standard reading tests and are retained at 6 months post training. Identical training without time constraints proves ineffective. Our results suggest that fluent reading depends in part on rapid information processing, which then might affect perception, cognitive processing and possibly eye movements. These processes remain malleable in adulthood, even in individuals with developmental dyslexia.