Sweet proteins lysozyme and thaumatin are protein-type agonists for the calcium-sensing receptor.

Sweet proteins lysozyme and thaumatin are protein-type agonists for the calcium-sensing receptor.
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甜蛋白溶菌酶和索马甜是钙敏感受体的蛋白质型激动剂。

DOI:
10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.10.111
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Ito K.
Ito K.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yamamoto M;Terada Y;Motoyama T;Saito T;Ito K.

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在哺乳动物体内,钙敏感受体(CaSR)除了维持钙稳态外,还参与多种生理功能。该受体在味蕾中作为akokumitaste受体发挥作用,在肠道中作为营养传感器发挥作用,在那里它调节血糖反应和食欲相关激素的分泌。为了从食品成分中鉴定新的人类CaSR(HCaSR)激活剂,我们使用基于细胞的hCaSR试验进行了筛选。蛋清溶菌酶是一种新型的hCaSR正构体激动剂,其EC50值为592 μ。溶菌酶水解物不能激活hCaSR,提示溶菌酶的蛋白质结构是激活hCaSR所必需的。另一种甜蛋白thaumatin也激活了hCaSR,EC50值为71 μM。这是第一个表明hCaSR被分子量超过10,000 Da的蛋白质激活的报道。这些结果为hCaSR激活剂的开发提供了一条新的途径,除了钙离子稳态外,hCaSR激活剂还可以应用于调节味觉、食欲或糖耐量的食品或药物。
In addition to the maintenance of Ca2+homeostasis, the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) is involved in many diverse physiological functions in the mammalian body. The receptor works as akokumitaste receptor in taste buds and as a nutrient sensor in the gut, where it regulates the secretion of glycemic response and appetite-related hormones. To identify novel human CaSR (hCaSR) activators from food ingredients, we conducted a screening using a cell-based hCaSR assay. Hen egg-white lysozyme, which is a sweet protein, was found to be a novel orthosteric agonist of hCaSR with an EC50value of 592 μM. Lysozyme hydrolysate was not able to activate hCaSR, thus suggesting that the protein structure of lysozyme is necessary for hCaSR activation. Thaumatin, which is another sweet protein, also activated hCaSR with an EC50value of 71 μM. This is the first report that shows hCaSR activation by proteins with molecular weights exceeding 10,000 Da. These results provide a new avenue for the development of hCaSR activators, which could be applicable in food or drugs that modulate taste perception, appetite, or glucose tolerance, in addition to Ca2+homeostasis.
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