A specific and rapid neural signature for parental instinct.
A specific and rapid neural signature for parental instinct.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0001664
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发表时间：
2008-02-27
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Stein A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kringelbach ML;Lehtonen A;Squire S;Harvey AG;Craske MG;Holliday IE;Green AL;Aziz TZ;Hansen PC;Cornelissen PL;Stein A
达尔文最初指出，婴儿身上有某种东西促使成年人对他们做出反应并照顾他们，从而通过增加自己后代的存活率来提高个体的适应性，即繁殖成功率。Lorenz提出，是婴儿面部的特定结构引起了父母的这些反应，但这一现象的生物学基础仍然难以捉摸。在这里，我们调查了成年人是否对不熟悉的婴儿面孔表现出特定的大脑反应，而不是成人面孔，婴儿和成人面孔在两组之间的情绪效价和唤醒，以及大小和亮度都经过仔细匹配。这些面孔在吸引力方面也非常相似。使用成人脑磁图（MEG），我们发现高度特异性的大脑活动在七分之一秒内对不熟悉的婴儿面孔作出反应，而不是对成人面孔作出反应。这种活动发生在内侧眶额皮质（mOFC），一个与奖励行为有关的区域，首次表明了这一重要进化过程的神经基础。我们发现活动的高峰首先在mOFC，然后在右侧梭状面区（FFA）。在mOFC中，婴儿和成人面孔之间功率差异的第一个显著峰值（p<0.001）出现在10-15 Hz频段的130 ms左右。这些早期差异在FFA中未被发现。相比之下，在165毫秒左右，在右侧FFA的不同频段（20-25 Hz）发现功率差异，表明mOFC的反馈效应。这些发现为人类提供了证据，证明了洛伦兹所描述的“先天释放机制”在人类大脑中有潜在的基础，这种机制可以影响婴儿的情感和养育。这对产后抑郁症有潜在的重要临床应用，并可能为早期识别有风险的家庭提供机会。
Darwin originally pointed out that there is something about infants which prompts adults to respond to and care for them, in order to increase individual fitness, i.e. reproductive success, via increased survivorship of one's own offspring. Lorenz proposed that it is the specific structure of the infant face that serves to elicit these parental responses, but the biological basis for this remains elusive. Here, we investigated whether adults show specific brain responses to unfamiliar infant faces compared to adult faces, where the infant and adult faces had been carefully matched across the two groups for emotional valence and arousal, as well as size and luminosity. The faces also matched closely in terms of attractiveness. Using magnetoencephalography (MEG) in adults, we found that highly specific brain activity occurred within a seventh of a second in response to unfamiliar infant faces but not to adult faces. This activity occurred in the medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC), an area implicated in reward behaviour, suggesting for the first time a neural basis for this vital evolutionary process. We found a peak in activity first in mOFC and then in the right fusiform face area (FFA). In mOFC the first significant peak (p<0.001) in differences in power between infant and adult faces was found at around 130 ms in the 10–15 Hz band. These early differences were not found in the FFA. In contrast, differences in power were found later, at around 165 ms, in a different band (20–25 Hz) in the right FFA, suggesting a feedback effect from mOFC. These findings provide evidence in humans of a potential brain basis for the “innate releasing mechanisms” described by Lorenz for affection and nurturing of young infants. This has potentially important clinical applications in relation to postnatal depression, and could provide opportunities for early identification of families at risk.
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影响因子：
1.3
作者：
COLLINS, DL;NEELIN, P;EVANS, AC
通讯作者：
EVANS, AC
影响因子：
16.2
作者：
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作者：
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0507062103
发表时间：
2006-01-10
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
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通讯作者：
Halgren, E
影响因子：
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