Reduction of herbivorous fish pressure can facilitate focal algal species forestation on artificial structures
Reduction of herbivorous fish pressure can facilitate focal algal species forestation on artificial structures
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DOI：
10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.04.007
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发表时间：
2018-07-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Mangialajo, Luisa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gianni, Fabrizio;Bartolini, Fabrizio;Mangialajo, Luisa
城市化改变了全世界的沿海地区，因此人工结构现在很普遍。目前的沿海开发在当地耗尽了许多本地海洋物种，同时限制了它们的扩张。生态工程干预措施旨在确定如何促进重点物种的存在及其在人工生境中的相关功能。一个重要但被忽视的控制恢复行动的因素是过度放牧的食草动物。本研究的目的是量化的影响，不同的潜在馈线上的Cystoseira amentacea，本地的树冠形成的地中海infralittoral边缘的，并测试是否操纵放牧压力可以促进人为引导安装这个焦点物种的沿海结构。室内试验和野外试验结果表明，西地中海唯一的草食性鱼类--在人工生境中的amentacea，远至远至远海岸边缘，这通常被认为是不太容易接近鱼类。S. salpa可以限制人工新栖息地造林作业的成功，几天后造成高达90%的Cystoseira损失。其他食草动物，如帽贝和螃蟹，只有适度的影响。未来的工程作业，旨在进行人工结构的树冠形成藻类造林，应考虑相关的生物因素，如鱼类过度放牧，确定具有成本效益的技术，以限制其影响，这是在土地上恢复方案的通常做法。
Coastal areas have been transformed worldwide by urbanization, so that artificial structures are now widespread. Current coastal development locally depletes many native marine species, while offering limited possibilities for their expansion. Eco-engineering interventions intend to identify ways to facilitate the presence of focal species and their associated functions on artificial habitats. An important but overlooked factor controlling restoration operations is overgrazing by herbivores. The aim of this study was to quantify the effects of different potential feeders on Cystoseira amentacea, a native canopy-forming alga of the Mediterranean infralittoral fringe, and test whether manipulation of grazing pressure can facilitate the human-guided installation of this focal species on coastal structures. Results of laboratory tests and field experiments revealed that Sarpa salpa, the only strictly native herbivorous fish in the Western Mediterranean Sea, can be a very effective grazer of C. amentacea in artificial habitats, up to as far as the infralittoral fringe, which is generally considered less accessible to fishes. S. salpa can limit the success of forestation operations in artificial novel habitats, causing up to 90% of Cystoseira loss after a few days. Other grazers, such as limpets and crabs, had only a moderate impact. Future engineering operations,intended to perform forestation of canopy-forming algae on artificial structures, should consider relevant biotic factors, such as fish overgrazing, identifying cost-effective techniques to limit their impact, as is the usual practice in restoration programmes on land.