Temporal scale-dependence of plant-pollinator networks
Temporal scale-dependence of plant-pollinator networks
复制标题
植物传粉者网络的时间尺度依赖性
DOI：
10.1111/oik.07303
复制
发表时间：
2020-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Fruend, Jochen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schwarz, Benjamin;Vazquez, Diego P.;Fruend, Jochen
互惠互动网络的研究导致了对生态和进化过程有价值的见解。然而，我们对网络结构的理解可能取决于我们对网络数据进行采样和分析的时间尺度。到目前为止，我们缺乏一个全面的评估的时间尺度依赖的网络结构在广泛的时间尺度和地理位置。如果网络结构是时间尺度依赖的，那么在不同时间尺度上构建的网络可能会对物种相互作用的结构和组成提供非常不同的观点。此外，目前还不清楚各种因素-包括物种丰富度，物种周转，链接重新布线和采样工作-如何在不同的时间尺度上共同作用，以塑造网络结构。为了解决这些问题，我们使用了一个大型的时间分辨的植物传粉网络数据库来研究从一天到多年的时间聚集如何影响网络结构。此外，我们使用结构方程模型来探讨时间尺度，物种丰富度，物种营业额，链接重新布线和采样努力对网络结构特性的直接和间接影响。我们发现，植物传粉网络结构是强烈的时间尺度依赖。出现这种一般模式是因为时间尺度决定了时间动态（即物种和链接的物候周转）被包括在网络中的程度，除了有多少采样工作被投入到构建网络。最终，我们的植物传粉网络的时间尺度依赖性似乎主要是由物种丰富度，这增加了采样的努力，和物种的营业额，这增加了时间范围。换句话说，在考虑了物种丰富度的变化之后，网络结构越来越多地受到其潜在的时间动态的影响。我们的研究结果表明，考虑多个时间尺度可能是必要的，以充分了解相互作用网络结构的原因和后果。
The study of mutualistic interaction networks has led to valuable insights into ecological and evolutionary processes. However, our understanding of network structure may depend upon the temporal scale at which we sample and analyze network data. To date, we lack a comprehensive assessment of the temporal scale-dependence of network structure across a wide range of temporal scales and geographic locations. If network structure is temporally scale-dependent, networks constructed over different temporal scales may provide very different perspectives on the structure and composition of species interactions. Furthermore, it remains unclear how various factors - including species richness, species turnover, link rewiring and sampling effort - act in concert to shape network structure across different temporal scales. To address these issues, we used a large database of temporally-resolved plant-pollinator networks to investigate how temporal aggregation from the scale of one day to multiple years influences network structure. In addition, we used structural equation modeling to explore the direct and indirect effects of temporal scale, species richness, species turnover, link rewiring and sampling effort on network structural properties. We find that plant-pollinator network structure is strongly temporally-scale dependent. This general pattern arises because the temporal scale determines the degree to which temporal dynamics (i.e. phenological turnover of species and links) are included in the network, in addition to how much sampling effort is put into constructing the network. Ultimately, the temporal scale-dependence of our plant-pollinator networks appears to be mostly driven by species richness, which increases with sampling effort, and species turnover, which increases with temporal extent. In other words, after accounting for variation in species richness, network structure is increasingly shaped by its underlying temporal dynamics. Our results suggest that considering multiple temporal scales may be necessary to fully appreciate the causes and consequences of interaction network structure.