ENERGETICS OF WALKING AND RUNNING - INSIGHTS FROM SIMULATED REDUCED-GRAVITY EXPERIMENTS
ENERGETICS OF WALKING AND RUNNING - INSIGHTS FROM SIMULATED REDUCED-GRAVITY EXPERIMENTS
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DOI：
10.1152/jappl.1992.73.6.2709
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发表时间：
1992-12-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
MCMAHON, TA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
FARLEY, CT;MCMAHON, TA
在地球上，一个人走一英里所用的能量大约是跑一英里所用能量的一半。在另一个重力较低的星球上，走路是否仍然比跑步更经济？当人们在走路或跑步时负重时，能量消耗与增加的负荷成正比。由此看来，如果重力减小，两种步态的能量消耗与体重的比例也会相应降低。然而，我们发现在模拟失重的情况下，跑步时的能量消耗率与体重成比例下降，而步行时则没有。当重力降低75%时，跑步时的能量消耗率降低72%，而步行时仅降低33%。因为减少重力对跑步的能量消耗比步行的能量消耗要大得多，所以在低重力条件下，步行并不是最便宜的出行方式。这些结果表明，运动机制和能量消耗之间的联系在走路和跑步中是完全不同的。
On Earth, a person uses about one-half as much energy to walk a mile as to run a mile. On another planet with lower gravity, would walking still be more economical than running? When people carry weights while they walk or run, energetic cost increases in proportion to the added load. It would seem to follow that if gravity were reduced, energetic cost would decrease in proportion to body weight in both gaits. However, we find that under simulated reduced gravity, the rate of energy consumption decreases in proportion to body weight during running but not during walking. When gravity is reduced by 75%, the rate of energy consumption is reduced by 72% during running but only by 33% during walking. Because reducing gravity decreases the energetic cost much more for running than for walking, walking is not the cheapest way to travel a mile at low levels of gravity. These results suggest that the link between the mechanics of locomotion and energetic cost is fundamentally different for walking and for running.