The Xenopus doublesex-related gene Dmrt5 is required for olfactory placode neurogenesis
The Xenopus doublesex-related gene Dmrt5 is required for olfactory placode neurogenesis
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ydbio.2012.10.003
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Bellefroid, Eric J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Parlier, Damien;Moers, Virginie;Bellefroid, Eric J.
Dmrt（双性和mab-3相关转录因子）基因编码一个进化上保守的转录因子大家族，其在性别特异性分化中的功能已经在所有动物谱系中得到了很好的研究。在脊椎动物中，它们的功能并不局限于发育中的性腺。例如，非洲爪蟾Dmrt4对于嗅觉系统的神经发生至关重要。本研究分离并鉴定了爪蟾Dmrt5，发现其与Dmrt4共表达于发育中的嗅觉基板中。与Dmrt4一样，Dmrt5在外胚层受神经诱导剂正向调节，受前胚层因子负向调节。Dmrt5和Dmrt4基因也被转录因子00(2)和Notch信号共同激活，转录因子00(2)在头部外胚层广泛转录，Notch信号在前神经嵴被激活。至于Dmrt4，敲低Dmrt5会损害胚胎嗅觉系统和神经化动物帽的神经发生。相反，它的过表达促进了动物帽的神经元分化，这一特性需要保守的c端DMA和DMB结构域。我们还发现，海参基因组Dmrt4/5相关基因NvDmrtb在爪蟾动物帽中也能诱导神经发生，相反，在Nematostella中，其敲低会减少elav-1阳性神经元。总之，我们的数据确定Dmrt5是一种新的重要神经发生调节剂，其功能与Dmrt4在爪蟾嗅觉系统发育过程中的功能重叠。他们还认为Dmrt可能在刺胞动物和双边动物的最后共同祖先的神经发生中起作用。(C) 2012爱思唯尔公司版权所有。
The Dmrt (doublesex and mab-3 related transcription factor) genes encode a large family of evolutionarily conserved transcription factors whose function in sex specific differentiation has been well studied in all animal lineages. In vertebrates, their function is not restricted to the developing gonads. For example, Xenopus Dmrt4 is essential for neurogenesis in the olfactory system. Here we have isolated and characterized Xenopus Dmrt5 and found that it is coexpressed with Dmrt4 in the developing olfactory placodes. As Dmrt4, Dmrt5 is positively regulated in the ectoderm by neural inducers and negatively by proneural factors. Both Dmrt5 and Dmrt4 genes are also activated by the combined action of the transcription factor 00(2, broadly transcribed in the head ectoderm and of Notch signaling, activated in the anterior neural ridge. As for Dmrt4, knockdown of Dmrt5 impairs neurogenesis in the embryonic olfactory system and in neuralized animal caps. Conversely, its overexpression promotes neuronal differentiation in animal caps, a property that requires the conserved C-terminal DMA and DMB domains. We also found that the sea anenome Dmrt4/5 related gene NvDmrtb also induces neurogenesis in Xenopus animal caps and that conversely, its knockdown in Nematostella reduces elav-1 positive neurons. Together, our data identify Dmrt5 as a novel important regulator of neurogenesis whose function overlaps with that of Dmrt4 during Xenopus olfactory system development. They also suggest that Dmrt may have had a role in neurogenesis in the last common ancestor of cnidarians and bilaterians. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.