Variation in lignin content and composition - Mechanism of control and implications for the genetic improvement of plants
Variation in lignin content and composition - Mechanism of control and implications for the genetic improvement of plants
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DOI：
10.1104/pp.110.1.3
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发表时间：
1996-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Sederoff, RR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Campbell, MM;Sederoff, RR
图1。木质素生物合成途径。这一木质素生物合成的一般途径是从几个不同物种的特定步骤的研究中推断出来的。为了降低图表的复杂性，没有显示酶反应的辅助因素。木质素生物合成酶及其相应的EC数分别为：PAL、Phe解氨酶(EC 4.3。1.5)；C4H，肉桂酸4-羟基酶(EC 1.14.13.1 1)；C3H，4-羟基肉桂酸3-羟基酶；caffeate/5-hydroxyferulate-O-methyltransferase(EC2.1.1.6)；F5H，阿魏酸盐5-羟基酶；4CL，羟基肉桂酸酯：辅酶A-连接酶(EC 6.2.CCoA-~H，4-羟基肉桂酰基-CoA3-羟基酶；CCoA-OMT，硫代蛋氨酸：caffeoyl-CoA/5-hydroxyferuloyl-CoA-Omethyltransferase(EC2.1.1.1 04)；CCr，羟基肉桂酰辅酶A：NADPH氧化还原酶(EC 1.2。1.44)；CAD，羟基肉桂醇脱氢酶(EC 1.1.1.1 95)；葡萄糖转移酶，UDP-G1c：松柏醇4-葡萄糖转移酶(EC 2.4.1.1)；葡萄糖苷酶，针叶素专一性4-O-葡萄糖苷酶(EC 3.2。1.21)。木质素单体单元中的R-函数表明，在这些位置上可以通过酯或醚键进行交联。已在体外演示的反应用实心箭头表示。通过喂养研究推断出的反应用虚线箭头表示。插图表示苯环中碳的编号约定。有关该途径有效性的进一步讨论，请参阅正文。
Figure 1. The lignin biosynthetic pathway. This general pathway for lignin biosynthesis has been inferred from studies of specific steps in severa1 diverse species. To reduce the complexity of the diagram, co-factors for the enzymatic reactions have not been shown. The lignin biosynthetic enzymes and their respective EC numbers are: PAL, Phe ammonia-lyase (EC 4.3. 1.5); C4H, cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (EC 1.14. 1 3.1 1); C3H, 4-hydroxycinnamate 3-hydroxylase; OMT, S-adenosylmethione: caffeate/5-hydroxyferulate-O-methyltransferase (EC 2.1. 1.6); F5H, ferulate 5-hydroxylase; 4CL, hydroxycinnamate: CoA-ligase (EC 6.2. 1.1 2); CCOA-~ H, 4-hydroxycinnamoyl-COA 3-hydroxylase; CCoA-OMT, Sadenosyl-methionine: caffeoyl-CoA/5-hydroxyferuloyl-CoA-Omethyltransferase (EC 2.1. 1.1 04); CCR, hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA: NADPH oxidoreductase (EC 1.2. 1.44); CAD, hydroxycinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1. 1.1 95); glucosyltransferase, UDP-G1c: coniferyl alcohol 4-Oglucosyltransferase (EC 2.4. 1.1); glucosidase, coniferin-specific 4-O-glucosidase (EC 3.2. 1.21). The R-function in the monomeric units of lignin indicates that cross-linking via ester or ether bonds can occur at these positions. Reactions that have been demonstrated in vitro are shown with solid arrows. Reactions that have been inferred by feeding studies are shown with dashed arrows. The inset indicates the numbering convention for the carbons in the phenyl ring. See the text for further discussion of the validity of the pathway.