A structural explanation for the binding of endocytic dileucine motifs by the AP2 complex.

A structural explanation for the binding of endocytic dileucine motifs by the AP2 complex.
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DOI:
10.1038/nature07422
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发表时间:
2008-12-18
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
Owen, David J.
Owen, David J.
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kelly, Bernard T.;McCoy, Airlie J.;Spaete, Kira;Miller, Sharon E.;Evans, Philip R.;Hoening, Stefan;Owen, David J.

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大多数跨膜蛋白是通过囊泡外壳蛋白识别其细胞质部分的短而线性的氨基酸基序来选择作为运输囊泡货物的。在笼状蛋白包被小泡(CCV)的情况下,分子模体被笼状蛋白适配器识别。AP2接头复合体(亚基α,β2,μ2,σ2)识别两个主要的内吞基序:YxxΦ基序和[DE]XXXL[Li]酸性二亮氨酸基序。在这里,我们描述了AP2与来自CD4的胞内二亮氨酸基序的结合。主要的识别事件是σ2上疏水口袋中结合的两个亮氨酸残基。第一个亮氨酸上游的四个亲水残基位于σ2和α亚基上的残基形成的带正电的斑块上。关键残基的突变抑制了AP2与含有PtdIns4,5P2的脂质体中显示的‘酸性二亮氨酸’基序的结合,但不影响通过PtdIns4,5P2与YxxΦ基序的结合。在‘非活性’的AP2核心结构中,这两个基序结合位点都被μ2亚单位的不同部分阻断。为了允许二亮氨酸基序结合,β2的N末端被移位并变得无序;然而,在这种结构中,μ2上的Yxx DNA结合位点仍然被阻断。
Most transmembrane proteins are selected as transport vesicle cargo through the recognition of short, linear amino acid motifs in their cytoplasmic portions by vesicle coat proteins. In the case of clathrin-coated vesicles (CCVs) the motifs are recognised by clathrin adaptors. The AP2 adaptor complex (subunits α,β2,μ2,σ2) recognises both major endocytic motifs: YxxΦ motifs and [DE]xxxL[LI] acidic dileucine motifs. Here we describe the binding of AP2 to the endocytic dileucine motif from CD4 . The major recognition events are the two leucine residues binding in hydrophobic pockets on σ2. The hydrophilic residue four residues upstream from the first leucine sits on a positively charged patch made from residues on σ2 and α subunits. Mutations in key residues inhibit the binding of AP2 to ‘acidic dileucine’ motifs displayed in liposomes containing PtdIns4,5P2, but do not affect binding to YxxΦ motifs via μ2. In the ‘inactive’ AP2 core structure , both motif binding sites are blocked by different parts of the β2 subunit. To allow a dileucine motif to bind, the β2 N-terminus is displaced and becomes disordered; however, in this structure the YxxΦ binding site on μ2 remains blocked.
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