D’Alembert’s Paradox
D’Alembert’s Paradox
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DOI：
10.1137/1023063
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发表时间：
1981-07
期刊：
影响因子：
10.2
通讯作者：
Keith Stewartson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Keith Stewartson
由于经典的无粘理论得出了一个明显荒谬的结论，即刚体在匀速流体中运动时所经历的阻力为零，因此在过去的一百多年里，人们做出了巨大的努力，提出了替代理论，并解释了流体中一个逐渐消失的小摩擦力如何能够对流动特性产生重大影响。所使用的方法是结合实验观察，通常在非常大的尺度上进行计算，并分析摩擦趋于零时解的渐近形式的结构。这种三管齐下的攻击取得了相当大的成功，特别是在过去十年中，因此现在可以认为这个矛盾在很大程度上得到了解决。本讲座将回顾这些在亚音速和超音速流动、钝体流动、尾缘流动和内部流动方面的成就。大部分的工作都是在稳定的二维问题上，但在非定常和二维问题上的特殊困难…
Since classical inviscid theory leads to the patently absurd conclusion that the resistance experienced by a rigid body moving through a fluid with uniform velocity is zero, great efforts have been made during the last hundred or so years to propose alternate theories and to explain how a vanishingly small frictional force in the fluid can nevertheless have a significant effect on the flow properties. The methods used are a combination of experimental observation, computation often on a very large scale, and analysis of the structure of the asymptotic form of the solution as the friction tends to zero. This three-pronged attack has achieved considerable success, especially during the last ten years, so that now the paradox may be regarded as largely resolved. The lecture will review these achievements in subsonic and supersonic flow, for bluff bodies, for trailing-edge flows and for internal flows. Most of the work has been on steady two-dimensional problems but the special difficulties in unsteady and th...