The goals of health work: Quality of life, health and welfare.
The goals of health work: Quality of life, health and welfare.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11019-005-5642-5
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Tengland, Per-Anders
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tengland, Per-Anders
与健康有关的生活质量是医学、保健和公共卫生的最终总体目标，包括健康促进和健康教育。另一个重要的总体目标是与健康有关的福利。本文的目的是解释这意味着什么，以及这些假设对卫生工作的影响。这涉及对“健康”、“生活质量”和“福利”等核心术语进行定义，并说明它们的概念关系。与健康有关的生活质量有两个核心含义：与健康有关的福祉，它构成了生活质量；作为能力的健康，它对生活质量有因果关系。提出了健康福利的四种含义：一般福祉、作为能力的健康、个人的其他内在属性和外部因素。这些类别所涵盖的国家和过程对与健康有关的生活质量有因果关系。最后，利用这些区别，概述了医学和卫生保健以及公共卫生和健康促进的一些更具体的目标。在前一个领域，工作主要是通过直接措施、“操纵”个人来改变与健康有关的个人生活质量，而公共卫生工作和健康促进工作主要使用间接措施，并通过各种与健康有关的福利变化（例如通过改变环境）来促进健康。
Health-related quality of life is the ultimate general goal for medicine, health care and public health, including health promotion and health education. The other important general goal is health-related welfare. The aim of the paper is to explain what this means and what the consequences of these assumptions are for health work. This involves defining the central terms "health", "quality of life" and "welfare" and showing what their conceptual relations are. Health-related quality of life has two central meanings: health-related well-being, which constitutes quality of life, and health as ability, which contributes causally to quality of life. Four meanings of health-related welfare are put forward: general well-being, health as ability, other inner properties of the individual, and external factors. States and processes covered by these categories contribute causally to health-related quality of life. Finally, using these distinctions, some more specific goals for medicine and health care, on the one hand, and for public health and health promotion, on the other, are outlined. In the former fields work is primarily directed towards changing the health-related quality of life of the individual through direct measures, "manipulating" the individual, whereas public health work and health promotion primarily use indirect measures and further health through various sorts of health-related welfare changes, e.g. through changing the environment.