Silicon Nanowire Fabric as a Lithium Ion Battery Electrode Material
Silicon Nanowire Fabric as a Lithium Ion Battery Electrode Material
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DOI：
10.1021/ja208232h
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发表时间：
2011-12-28
影响因子：
15
通讯作者：
Korgel, Brian A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chockla, Aaron M.;Harris, Justin T.;Korgel, Brian A.
报道了一种由硅纳米线组成的纸状无纺布。采用超临界流-液-固工艺制备的纳米线呈结晶状，直径在10 - 50纳米之间，平均长度为100 μ m，表面覆盖一层薄薄的化学吸附聚苯硅烷壳。纳米线织物约90%的体积是空隙空间。在还原环境中对纳米线织物进行热退火，将聚苯硅烷涂层转化为碳质层，显著提高材料的导电性。这使得纳米线织物在锂离子电池中作为一种自支撑、机械柔性、高能量存储的负极材料非常有用。在不添加导电碳或粘合剂的情况下，实现了超过800 mA h g（-1）的阳极容量。
A nonwoven fabric with paperlike qualities composed of silicon nanowires is reported. The nanowires, made by the super-critical-fluid-liquid-solid process, are crystalline, range in diameter from 10 to 50 nm with an average length of > 100 mu m, and are coated with a thin chemisorbed polyphenylsilane shell. About 90% of the nanowire fabric volume is void space. Thermal annealing of the nanowire fabric in a reducing environment converts the polyphenylsilane coating to a carbonaceous layer that significantly increases the electrical conductivity of the material. This makes the nanowire fabric useful as a self-supporting, mechanically flexible, high-energy-storage anode material in a lithium ion battery. Anode capacities of more than 800 mA h g(-1) were achieved without the addition of conductive carbon or binder.