A Global Analysis of Y-STR INRA189 Polymorphism in Chinese Domestic Yak Breeds/Populations
A Global Analysis of Y-STR INRA189 Polymorphism in Chinese Domestic Yak Breeds/Populations
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DOI：
10.3390/ani10030393
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发表时间：
2020-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Han, Jianlin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ma, Zhijie;Xia, Xiaoting;Han, Jianlin
Y染色体特异性标记已被广泛应用于研究哺乳动物的起源、迁移、多样性和种群关系。目前，牦牛父系遗传学的研究主要是基于Y-SNPs信息，而对Y-STR标记的研究较少。本研究对Y-STR INRA 189基因座的多态性进行了全面调查，明确了其等位基因在中国15个牦牛品种/群体中的地理分布规律，为牦牛父系遗传分析提供基础数据。结果表明，INRA 189是一个具有中等多态性的Y-STR标记，在中国15个牦牛品种/群体中存在6个等位基因，这6个等位基因的变异是由于TG二核苷酸基序的重复次数不同所致。STR INRA 189的多态性，并分析其等位基因在中国家牦牛基因库中的地理分布。对中国15个牦牛品种/群体的682头公牦牛的INRA 189位点进行了遗传多样性分析。结果表明，在INRA 189位点共检测到6个等位基因，包括5个已报道的等位基因（149、155、157、159和161 bp）和1个新发现的等位基因（139 bp）。6个等位基因频率在15个牦牛品种（群体）间存在明显的地理分布差异，揭示了中国牦牛品种（群体）间父系遗传差异。15个牦牛品种/群体的平均多态信息含量（PIC）为0.32，表明INRA 189在牦牛中属于中等多态性（0.25 < PIC < 0.5）。序列比对结果表明，INRA 189位点6个等位基因的变异由一个TG二核苷酸重复基序决定，重复次数分别为12、17、20、21、22和23次，对应的等位基因分别为139、149、155、157、159和161 bp。因此，我们认为，牦牛Y-STR INRA 189多态性可以用来表征男性介导的遗传事件，包括父系遗传起源，多样性和进化。
Simple Summary Y chromosome-specific markers have been widely used in studying the origin, migration, diversity, and population relationship in several mammalian species. So far, the investigations on yak paternal genetics were mostly based on Y-SNPs information, but very few on Y-STR markers. In this study, we comprehensively investigated the polymorphism of Y-STR INRA189 locus, identified the geographical distribution pattern of its alleles in 15 Chinese domestic yak breeds/populations, and provided basic data for yak paternal genetic analysis. Our results showed that INRA189 is an intermediate polymorphic Y-STR marker with six alleles present among 15 Chinese domestic yak breeds/populations and that the variation among six alleles was due to different numbers of repetitions of a TG dinucleotide motif.Abstract The objective of this study was to probe into the polymorphism of Y-STR INRA189 and identify the geographical distribution pattern of its alleles in the Chinese domestic yak gene pool. We examined the variation at INRA189 locus in 682 male yaks representing 15 breeds/populations in China. The results showed that six alleles, including five reported previously (149, 155, 157, 159, and 161 bp) and a new one identified in this study (139 bp), were detected at INRA189 locus based on genotyping analysis. The frequencies of six alleles varied among the 15 yak breeds/populations with a clear phylogeographical pattern, which revealed the paternal genetic difference among Chinese yak breeds/populations. The average polymorphism information content (PIC) among the 15 yak breeds/populations was 0.32, indicating INRA189 to be an intermediate polymorphic Y-STR marker (0.25 < PIC < 0.5) in yak. Sequence alignment revealed that the variations among six alleles at INRA189 were defined by a TG dinucleotide repeat motif, which repeated for 12, 17, 20, 21, 22, and 23 times, corresponding to the alleles of 139, 149, 155, 157, 159, and 161 bp, respectively. Therefore, we believe that the polymorphic yak Y-STR INRA189 can be used to characterize male-mediated genetic events, including paternal genetic origin, diversity, and evolution.