Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Freshwater Isopods and Field-Partitioning Between Abiotic Phases
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Freshwater Isopods and Field-Partitioning Between Abiotic Phases
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淡水等足动物中的多环芳烃和非生物相之间的场分配
DOI：
10.1007/s002449900374
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发表时间：
1998
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
J. F. Cid Montañés
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. V. Hattum;M. J. Curto Pons;J. F. Cid Montañés
对荷兰8个不同水系中13种多环芳烃（PAHs）在淡水等足类动物体内的原位生物累积进行了评估，并将其与沉积物、颗粒物（>0.7 μm）和溶解相之间的分配关系联系起来。在生物体和非生物区室之间以及在采样站之间，观察到总（Γ PAHs）浓度和单个PAHs的相对丰度存在很大差异。主成分分析显示，沉积物和水的PAH配置文件之间的显着差异。沉积物中以高分子量多环芳烃为主，等足类中以荧蒽和芘为主，水体中以萘为主。表观脂基生物富集系数（BCF）随疏水性（正辛醇/水分配系数; Kow）的增加而增加。生物浓缩系数的总范围仅相差一个数量级，从105.1（萘）到106.1（苯并[a]芘）。对于辛醇/水分配系数对数值大于6.1的多环芳烃，观察到的生物浓缩系数低于预期值，这是由于生物利用度降低、溶解相的操作定义以及生长稀释阻止了在等足类动物的生命周期内达到平衡。非生物分配系数，如Koc（有机碳标准化的沉积物-水分配系数）和Kpm（颗粒物-水分配系数）的增加与疏水性的多环芳烃具有log Kow< 6.1。大多数多环芳烃的沉积物-水分配系数（Kd）随沉积物有机碳含量的增加而增加。它的结论是，等足类动物有一个显着的能力，积累多环芳烃和他们的组织残留往往反映空间和时间的变化，在沿岸的淡水环境中的多环芳烃的生物利用度。
An assessment was made of thein situbioaccumulation of 13 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in freshwater isopods in relation to their partitioning between sediments, particulate matter (>0.7 μm), and dissolved phases in eight different water systems of The Netherlands. Large differences in total (Γ PAHs) concentrations and in relative abundance of individual PAHs were observed between organisms and abiotic compartments and among sampling stations. Principal component analysis revealed distinct differences between PAH profiles in sediments and water. High molecular weight PAHs dominated in the sediments, fluoranthene and pyrene in the isopods, and naphthalene in water. Apparent lipid-based bioconcentration factors (BCFs) increased with increasing hydrophobicity (n-octanol/water partition coefficient; Kow). The total range of the BCFs varied only one order of magnitude, ranging from 105.1(naphthalene) to 106.1(benzo[a]pyrene). For PAHs with log Kow> 6.1 lower BCFs than expected were observed, which was attributed to reduced bioavailability, to the operational definition of the dissolved phase, and to growth dilution preventing equilibrium to be reached within the lifetime of the isopods. Abiotic partitioning coefficients, such as Koc(organic carbon normalized sediment–water partition coefficient) and Kpm(particulate matter–water distribution coefficient) increased with hydrophobicity for PAHs having a log Kow< 6.1. Sediment-water partition coefficients (Kd) increased with the organic carbon content of the sediments for most PAHs. It is concluded that isopods have a marked ability to accumulate PAHs and that their tissue residues tend to reflect spatial and temporal variations in the bioavailability of PAHs in littoral freshwater environments.