Probing the Metrology and Chemistry Dependences of the Onset Condition of Strong “Nanoconfinement” Effects on Dynamics

Probing the Metrology and Chemistry Dependences of the Onset Condition of Strong “Nanoconfinement” Effects on Dynamics
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探讨强“纳米限制”对动力学影响的起始条件的计量学和化学依赖性

DOI:
10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02693
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
影响因子:
5.5
通讯作者:
Simmons, David S.
Simmons, David S.
中科院分区:
化学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Diaz Vela, Daniel;Ghanekarade, Asieh;Simmons, David S.

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聚合物在纳米级界面附近表现出广泛的动力学和玻璃形成行为的变化。研究这些效应的一个主要目标是了解它们对化学、测量时标和计量学的明显依赖。在这里,我们采用分子动力学模拟薄的独立聚合物薄膜在一定范围内的厚度和聚合物骨干刚度来探测这些依赖性。结果表明,依赖于化学和计量的强纳米约束的开始可能在纳米约束效应表观强度的化学和计量变化中起重要作用。除此之外,我们发现弛豫的激活势垒在低温下受到表面附近简单的温度不敏感的重新缩放,导致薄膜和体动力学之间的分数幂律解耦关系。我们表明,玻璃化转变的一般双势垒模型可以简洁地描述这种现象的大部分,与从高温势垒到低温势垒的优势交叉相关的强界面效应的“开始”动力学。我们认为,这种开始时间尺度和温度的变化可能在系统到系统和测量到的界面效应强度对动力学和玻璃形成的变化中起重要作用。这些结果也可以解释为什么在相对较短的时间尺度上的模拟通常报告的效果与在更大的时间尺度上的实验相当。
Polymers in the nanoscale vicinity of interfaces exhibit a broad range of alterations in their dynamics and glass-formation behavior. A major goal in the study of these effects is to understand their strong apparent dependence on chemistry, measurement time scale, and metrology. Here we employ molecular dynamics simulations of thin freestanding polymer films over a range of thicknesses and polymer backbone stiffnesses to probe these dependences. Results suggest that a chemistry- and metrology-dependent onset of strong nanoconfinement may play an important role in chemical and metrological variations in the apparent strength of nanoconfinement effects. Beyond this onset, we find that the activation barrier for relaxation is subject to a simple temperature-insensitive rescaling near a surface at low temperatures, leading to a fractional power law decoupling relationship between thin film and bulk dynamics. We show that a generic two-barrier model of the glass transition can parsimoniously describe much of this phenomenology, with the “onset” of strong interface effects on dynamics related to a crossover in dominance from a high-temperature barrier to a low-temperature barrier. We suggest that variation of this onset time scale and temperature may play an important role in system-to-system and measurement-to-measurement variations in the observed strength of interfacial effects on dynamics and glass formation. These results may also explain why simulations at relatively short time scales commonly report effects of a magnitude comparable to experiments at much larger time scales.
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