An electromyographic analysis of commercial and common abdominal exercises: Implications for rehabilitation and training
An electromyographic analysis of commercial and common abdominal exercises: Implications for rehabilitation and training
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DOI：
10.2519/jospt.2006.36.2.45
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发表时间：
2006-02-01
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Moorman, CT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Escamilla, RF;McTaggart, MSC;Moorman, CT
研究设计：重复测量、平衡设计。目的：测试7种市售腹式练习器(腹式、扭腹式、摇摆式、滚式腹式、多式式、躯干跟踪式、SAM式)和2种常见腹式运动(嘎吱式、屈膝式仰卧起坐)对激活腹部肌肉和外在(非腹部)肌肉的有效性。背景：大量的腹式机械练习被认为能有效地激活腹部肌肉，最大限度地减少下背部压力，但支持这些说法的数据很少。这些运动中的许多也激活了非腹部肌肉，这可能是有益的，也可能不是有益的。方法和措施：由14名受试者组成的便利样本在每个练习中进行5次重复。结果：腹直肌上、下直肌、外、内斜肌、胸大肌、三头肌、背阔肌、腰椎旁肌和股直肌的肌电活动以最大肌收缩力归一化。结果：腹直肌的上、下直肌肌电活动以腹直肌滑动、躯干、背阔肌、背阔肌、屈膝仰卧起坐的肌电活动最大，外斜肌和内斜肌的肌电活动以腹直肌滑动、躯干、背阔肌和屈膝仰卧起坐的肌电活动最大。胸大肌、臂三头肌和背阔肌的肌电活动在AB滑道和躯干轨道上最大。腰椎旁肌电活动以单杠动作最大，而股直肌肌电活动以屈膝仰卧起坐、SAM、单臂扭转、摇臂和单杠动作最大。结论：单杠滑步和躯干轨迹是激活腹部和上肢肌肉，同时最大限度地减少后退和股直肌(屈髋肌)活动的最有效的练习。由于相对较高的股直肌活动度，对于患有下背部病变的个人来说，Doer、Twister、Roker、SAM和屈膝仰卧起坐可能是有问题的。
Study Design: A repeated-measures, counterbalanced design. Objectives: To test the effectiveness of 7 commercial abdominal machines (Ab Slide, Ab Twister, An Rocker, Ab Roller, Ab Doer, Torso Track, SAM) and 2 common abdominal exercises (crunch, bent-knee sit-up) on activating abdominal and extraneous (nonabdominal) musculature.Background: Numerous abdominal machine exercises are believed to be effective in activating abdominal musculature and minimizing low back stress, but there are minimal data to substantiate these claims. Many of these exercises also activate nonabdominal musculature, which may or may not be beneficial.Methods and Measures: A convenience sample of 14 subjects performed 5 repetitions for each exercise. Electromyographic (EMG) data were recorded for upper and lower rectus abdominis, external and internal oblique, pectoralis major, triceps brachii, latissimus dorsi, lumbar paraspinals, and rectus femoris, and then normalized by maximum muscle contractions.Results: Upper and lower rectus abdominis EMG activities were greatest for the Ab Slide, Torso Track, crunch, and An Roller, while external and internal oblique EMG activities were greatest for the Ab Slide, Torso Track, crunch, and bent-knee sit-up. Pectoralis major, triceps brachii, and latissimus dorsi EMG activities were greatest for the Ab Slide and Torso Track. Lumbar paraspinal EMG activities were greatest for the Ab Doer, while rectus femoris EMG activities were greatest for the bent-knee sit-up, SAM, Ab Twister, An Rocker, and Ab Doer.Conclusions: The Ab Slide and Torso Track were the most effective exercises in activating abdominal and upper extremity muscles while minimizing lose back and rectus femoris (hip flexion) activity. The Ab Doer, Ab Twister, Ab Rocker, SAM, and bent-knee sit-up may be problematic for individuals with low back pathologies due to relatively high rectus femoris activity.