Virological, immune and host genetics markers in the control of HIV infection.
Virological, immune and host genetics markers in the control of HIV infection.
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DOI：
10.3233/dma-2009-0655
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Brander C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mothe B;Ibarrondo J;Llano A;Brander C
艾滋病毒感染如果不及时治疗，在大多数情况下会导致广泛的免疫功能恶化、机会性感染，最终导致艾滋病和死亡。尽管持续感染，但没有或几乎没有艾滋病毒疾病进展迹象的个体的鉴定激发了人们对有效的艾滋病毒疫苗的希望。这种疫苗的设计将在很大程度上取决于疾病标志物的精确定义，介导该病毒的相对体内控制的宿主遗传和免疫特征。因此，许多病毒因子和宿主遗传特征已被证明通过延迟进展为AIDS或甚至预防感染在控制HIV疾病中起关键作用。对体液和细胞免疫反应的特异性、功能、寿命和组织分布及其遏制艾滋病毒复制的能力也有了更好的了解。然而，良好的免疫相关性的定义明确和因果关系与保护或疾病进展仍然难以捉摸。在这里，我们审查工作的病毒因素，宿主遗传标记和免疫决定因素，已确定在个人与上级控制HIV感染或受试者谁保持未感染，尽管经常暴露于病毒病原体。
HIV infection, if left untreated, leads in most cases to the development of wide immune deterioration, opportunistic infections and eventually AIDS and death. The identification of individuals who despite persisting infection show no or few signs of HIV disease progression has spurred hopes that an effective HIV vaccine could be attainable. The design of such a vaccine will greatly depend on the precise definition of disease markers, host genetic and immune characteristics that mediate relative in vivo control of this virus. Accordingly, a number of viral factors and host genetic characteristics have been shown to play a crucial role in the control of HIV disease by delaying progression to AIDS or even preventing infection. There is also an improved understanding of humoral and cellular immune responses in terms of specificity, functional repertoire, longevity and tissue distribution and their ability to contain HIV replication. However, the definition of good immune correlates unequivocally and causally associated with protection or disease progression remains elusive. Here we review work on viral factors, host genetic markers and immunological determinants that have been identified in individuals with superior control of HIV infection or in subjects who remain uninfected despite frequent exposure to the viral pathogen.