Diabetes mellitus in a population of 180,000 insured dogs:: Incidence, survival, and breed distribution
Diabetes mellitus in a population of 180,000 insured dogs:: Incidence, survival, and breed distribution
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DOI：
10.1892/07-021.1
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发表时间：
2007-11-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Egenvall, Agneta
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fall, Tove;Hamlin, Helene Hansson;Egenvall, Agneta
背景：犬糖尿病（diabetes mellitus，DM）是一种常见的内分泌疾病，其病因尚不清楚.为了更好地了解潜在的机制，有必要进行全面的表皮研究。早期的研究表明，某些犬种的患病风险较高。假设：糖尿病的发病率、发病年龄、存活率和性别比例因犬种而异。动物：数据从一个队列的182,087投保狗5-12岁占652,898狗年的风险进行了retrospectively.Methods：发病率按性别，品种，和地理进行了计算与精确的修正。采用考克斯回归分析和Kaplan-Meier生存函数计算首次DM索赔后的糖尿病特异性发病率和生存率。进行多变量生存分析的结果诊断DM与年龄，性别和地理测试作为固定效应，以前的内分泌或胰腺疾病测试作为时间依赖性协变量，和品种测试作为一个随机effect.Results：平均年龄在第一次保险索赔的860 DM狗（72%的女性）为8.6年。糖尿病的发病率为13例/10,000犬年。澳大利亚梗、萨莫耶德、瑞典麋鹿和瑞典Lapphunds的发病率最高。DM的女性比例在品种间差异显着。瑞典麋鹿，比格犬，挪威麋鹿，边境牧羊犬，开发DM几乎完全是女性。多变量模型显示，品种，既往肾上腺皮质功能亢进，女性是糖尿病的危险因素。第一次索赔后的中位生存时间为57天。排除在1天内死亡的223只狗，中位生存时间为2年后，第一次索赔的DM。结论：在这项研究中显示的显着品种特异性的性别和年龄差异表明，遗传变异可以使品种或多或少地易感于不同类型的DM。
Background: Canine diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common endocrinopathy with an unclear etiology. For a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms, there is a need for comprehensive epidermiologic studies. Earlier studies have shown that the risk of disease is higher in certain dog breeds.Hypothesis: Incidence, age of onset, survival and sex proportion of DM vary by breed. Animals: Data from a cohort of 182,087 insured dogs aged 5-12 years accounting for 652,898 dog-years at risk were studied retrospectively.Methods: Incidence rates by sex, breed, and geography were calculated with exact denominators. Age-specific incidence and survival after 1st DM claim were computed with Cox's regression and Kaplan-Meier survival function. Multivariable survival analysis was performed for the outcome diagnosis of DM with age, sex, and geography tested as fixed effects, previous endocrine or pancreatic diseases tested as time-dependent covariates, and breed tested as a random effect.Results: The mean age at 1st insurance claim for the 860 DM dogs (72% females) was 8.6 years. The incidence of DM was 13 cases per 10,000 dog-years at risk. Australian Terriers, Samoyeds, Swedish Elkhounds, and Swedish Lapphunds were found to have the highest incidence. The proportion of females with DM varied significantly among breeds. Swedish Elkhounds, Beagles, Norwegian Elkhounds, and Border Collies that developed DM were almost exclusively females. The multivariable model showed that breed, previous hyperadrenocorticism, and female sex were risk factors for developing DM. Median survival time was 57 days after 1st claim. Excluding the 223 dogs that died within I day, the median survival time was 2 years after 1st claim of DM.Conclusion: The significant breed-specific sex and age differences shown in this study indicate that genetic variation could make breeds more or less susceptible to different types of DM.