Mechanisms of Choice Behavior Shift Using Cue-approach Training.
Mechanisms of Choice Behavior Shift Using Cue-approach Training.
复制标题
选择行为的机制使用提示训练训练。
DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00421
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Schonberg T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bakkour A;Leuker C;Hover AM;Giles N;Poldrack RA;Schonberg T
提示方法训练已被证明可以通过将提示按钮按压运动反应与特定食物相关联来有效地改变对零食食物的选择。此外，注意力偏向于先前提示的项目，即使提示的项目没有被选择为真实的消费在选择阶段。然而，在线索方法训练中偏好转变的确切机制并不完全清楚。在三个实验中，我们揭示了在这种新的范式中可能起作用的潜在机制：（1）与特定食物配对的未提示的、完全可预测的运动反应不足以引起偏好转移;（2）提示运动反应早-同时与食物项目的开始-从而消除了需要提高顶部，在准备运动反应时对食物刺激的注意力下降也消除了食物偏好的转变。这一发现加强了我们的假设，即在行为相关的时间点上提高注意力是改变线索接近任务中选择行为的关键;（3）至关重要的是，使用眼球运动而不是手动按钮按压来指示选择保留了效果，从而证明偏好的转变不是由学习的运动反应控制的，而是更可能通过调节更高联想区域中的主观价值来控制的，与之前的神经成像结果一致线索方法训练在行为相关的时间点上驱动注意力，以调节个体项目的主观价值，提供了一种不依赖于外部强化的行为改变机制，并为开发真实的世界行为干预提供了巨大的希望。
Cue-approach training has been shown to effectively shift choices for snack food items by associating a cued button-press motor response to particular food items. Furthermore, attention was biased toward previously cued items, even when the cued item is not chosen for real consumption during a choice phase. However, the exact mechanism by which preferences shift during cue-approach training is not entirely clear. In three experiments, we shed light on the possible underlying mechanisms at play during this novel paradigm: (1) Uncued, wholly predictable motor responses paired with particular food items were not sufficient to elicit a preference shift; (2) Cueing motor responses early – concurrently with food item onset – and thus eliminating the need for heightened top–down attention to the food stimulus in preparation for a motor response also eliminated the shift in food preferences. This finding reinforces our hypothesis that heightened attention at behaviorally relevant points in time is key to changing choice behavior in the cue-approach task; (3) Crucially, indicating choice using eye movements rather than manual button presses preserves the effect, thus demonstrating that the shift in preferences is not governed by a learned motor response but more likely via modulation of subjective value in higher associative regions, consistent with previous neuroimaging results. Cue-approach training drives attention at behaviorally relevant points in time to modulate the subjective value of individual items, providing a mechanism for behavior change that does not rely on external reinforcement and that holds great promise for developing real world behavioral interventions.