Individual Stress, Collective Trauma, and Social Capital in the Wake of the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill
Individual Stress, Collective Trauma, and Social Capital in the Wake of the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1475-682x.2012.00416.x
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发表时间：
2012-05-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Ritchie, Liesel Ashley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ritchie, Liesel Ashley
本文以Hobfolls（1988）的压力资源保护模型为组织框架，通过关注社会资本与慢性个体压力和集体创伤之间的关系，考察了1989年埃克森巴尔德斯石油泄漏事件（EVOS）的持续社会影响。数据基于灾难发生后14年进行的深入个人访谈。分析的重点是与各种形式的资源的损失和损失的威胁相关的压力相关的行为，影响了社会资本在可再生资源社区的科尔多瓦，阿拉斯加州的方式。调查结果显示，信任程度较低，中断协会，削弱社会联系和网络，改变社会话语，减少善意的感觉，并违反互惠规范。与EVOS相关的长期压力相关的行为以及相关的旷日持久的诉讼表明社会资本减少。这项研究强调了社会资本作为一种集体资源的重要性，并说明了社会资本减少会加剧个人压力和集体创伤的方式。
This article examines persistent social impacts of the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill (EVOS) by focusing on the relationship between social capital and chronic individual stress and collective trauma, using Hobfolls (1988) conservation of resources model of stress as an organizing framework. Data are based on in-depth personal interviews conducted 14 years after the disaster. Analyses focus on the ways in which stress-related behaviors associated with loss and threat of loss of various forms of resources have affected social capital in the renewable resource community of Cordova, Alaska. Findings reveal lower levels of trust, disruptions in associations, weakened social connections and networks, altered social discourses, diminished feelings of good will, and violations of norms of reciprocity. Behaviors associated with long-term stress related to the EVOS and to the associated protracted litigation are indicative of diminished social capital. This research highlights the critical importance of social capital as a collective resource and illustrates the ways in which decreased social capital can exacerbate individual stress and collective trauma.