Levels, sources and risk assessment of PAHs in multi-phases from urbanized river network system in Shanghai.
Levels, sources and risk assessment of PAHs in multi-phases from urbanized river network system in Shanghai.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envpol.2016.06.010
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发表时间：
2016-12
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Sai Liu;Xinran Liu;Min Liu;Bo Yang;Lv Cheng;Ye Li;A. Qadeer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sai Liu;Xinran Liu;Min Liu;Bo Yang;Lv Cheng;Ye Li;A. Qadeer
研究了上海城市河网上覆水和表层沉积物中多环芳烃（PAHs）的时空分布特征、来源识别和风险评价。分析结果表明，研究区水体、悬浮颗粒物（SPM）和沉积物中∑ 16 PAHs的浓度存在明显的季节变化。与世界其他地区相比，该流域多个相态中的多环芳烃污染处于中等水平，分级河流中悬浮颗粒物和沉积物相态中的多环芳烃污染水平表现为TS（三级河流）> FS（一级河流）> SS（二级河流）。采用异构体比值法和主成分分析法对多环芳烃的来源进行了分析，认为燃烧过程是多环芳烃的主要来源。在SPM和沉积物相中，化石燃料燃烧、焦炭燃烧和原油排放对河流中PAHs的贡献率为FS> SS> TS，交通排放对河流中PAHs的贡献率为TS> SS> FS。水体中的多环芳烃对水体生态系统有一定的影响，尤其是冬季9种多环芳烃的∑ ceq值在0.715~15.831 μ g/L之间，对某些特殊水生生物具有严重的生态风险。结果表明，冬季沉积物的MERMQ值为0.021~1.209，夏季为0.019~0.643，表明冬季6个采样点的多环芳烃含量较高，夏季只有1个采样点的多环芳烃含量较高，说明该区域的多环芳烃具有较高的毒性。沉积物的毒性大小依次为TS> FS> SS。
Spatial-temporal distributions, sources identification and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in overlying water and surface sediments in urban river networks of Shanghai were studied. Analytical results showed that there was a significant seasonal variation in concentrations of ∑16PAHs in water, suspended particulate matter (SPM) and sediment phases in this study area. The PAHs pollution in these multi-phases were in the medium level compared with other areas around the world, and the levels of PAHs contamination in SPM and sediment phases in hierarchical rivers showed TS (the third-order stream) > FS (the first-order stream) > SS (the second-order stream). Two manners of isomer ratios and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to identify PAHs origins, and suggested that combustion processes are dominant for PAHs sources. The ratios of PAHs origins by fossil fuels combustion, coke burning and crude oil in hierarchical rivers were determined with FS > SS > TS in SPM and sediment phases, and the ratio of PAHs origins by traffic emissions was analyzed with TS > SS > FS. PAHs in water samples have a certain impact on aqueous ecological system especially due to the fact that the∑ceqvalues of nine PAHs were calculated from 0.715 to 15.831 μg/L in winter, which inferred serious ecological risk to some special aquatic organisms. The calculations ofMERMQin sediment samples showed that theMERMQvalues ranged from 0.021 to 1.209 in winter and 0.019 to 0.643 in summer, which suggested high toxicity at six sampling sites in winter and only one location in summer due to high levels of PAHs. Furthermore, the toxicity degree of sediments were demonstrated with TS > FS > SS.