Martin Buber and Leo Strauss: Notes on a Strained Relationship
Martin Buber and Leo Strauss: Notes on a Strained Relationship
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马丁·布伯和列奥·施特劳斯：关于紧张关系的笔记
DOI：
10.1163/9789004377042_012
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Philipp von Wussow
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作者：
Philipp von Wussow
尽管最近学术界对马丁·布伯和利奥·施特劳斯的兴趣激增，但这两位20世纪犹太哲学的关键人物之间的紧张关系却鲜有人关注。一个明显的原因是，两人几乎没有进行过哲学上的交流。他们的“对话”在已出版的通信和理论著作、一些未出版的材料和少数持久存在的传说中只是一个痕迹。“对话”发生在认知和误解的领域，哲学交流经常建立在这些领域之上。尤其是施特劳斯，说了一些关于布伯的相当恶毒的话。考虑到早在他获得更广泛的听众之前，他就对一小群德裔犹太学者施加了非同寻常的影响，他的秘密言论似乎助长了多年来人们对布伯的一些负面看法，包括认为他是某种程度上的轻量级人物，只是犹太教的普及者。仅举两个例子：在1934年斯特劳斯写给雅各布·克莱恩的一封信中，有一场关于约瑟夫·卡斯坦的《犹太人的历史和命运》(1933年)的精彩辩论，在同一句话中引用了布伯和广受欢迎的传记小说作家埃米尔·路德维希。施特劳斯写道：“卡斯坦是犹太复国主义者埃米尔·路德维希，是布伯灾难性活动的产物。”1 1963年12月，施特劳斯写信给肖勒姆：“我一直讨厌他[布伯]，我现在仍然讨厌他。”我总是感觉到缺乏真实性…我最愿意承认的是，他是一个一流的香水师。2肖勒姆非常喜欢“一流的香水师”这个提法，并宣布他将秘密地在耶路撒冷传播这一消息。事实上，施特劳斯似乎很有创造力地创造了这样的术语，包括Bubertom(Buberism)和
Despite a recent surge of scholarly interest in Martin Buber and Leo Strauss, the strained relationship between these two pivotal figures of twentieth century Jewish philosophy has commanded little attention. One obvious reason is that the two hardly ever engaged in a philosophical exchange. Their “dialogue” appears as mere traces in published correspondence and theoretical works, some unpublished materials and a few persistent legends. The “dialogue” took place in the realm of perceptions and misconceptions upon which philosophical exchanges are all too often founded. Strauss, in particular, said some rather nasty things about Buber. And given that he exerted an extraordinary influence on a small circle of German-Jewish scholars long before he gained a wider audience, his clandestine remarks seem to have contributed to some of the negative perceptions of Buber that persisted through the years, including the perception that he was some sort of ‘light-weight’and mere popularizer of Judaism.To give but two examples: In a letter from Strauss to Jacob Klein in 1934, there is a marvelous polemic on Joseph Kastein’s History and Destiny of the Jews (1933), invoking Buber together with the popular writer of biographical novels Emil Ludwig in the same sentence. Strauss wrote:“Kastein is the Zionist Emil Ludwig, nothing else but a product of Buber’s disastrous activity.” 1 And in December 1963, Strauss wrote to Scholem:“I always loathed him [Buber] and I still loathe him. I always sensed the absence of authenticity… The most I might be willing to grant is that he is a first-rate perfumer.” 2 Scholem really liked the formulation “first-rate perfumer,” and announced that he would clandestinely spread the word in Jerusalem. 3 In fact, it seems that Strauss was highly creative in coining such terms, including also Bubertum (Buberism) and