In Vitro Study on Smart Stent for Autonomous Post-Endovascular Aneurysm Repair Surveillance
In Vitro Study on Smart Stent for Autonomous Post-Endovascular Aneurysm Repair Surveillance
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DOI：
10.1109/access.2020.2996506
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Sayemul Islam;Xiaolei Song;E. Choi;J. Kim;Haijun Liu;Albert Kim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sayemul Islam;Xiaolei Song;E. Choi;J. Kim;Haijun Liu;Albert Kim
腹主动脉瘤腔内修复术（EVAR）是腹主动脉瘤（AAA）的一种成熟可靠的外科治疗方法，其中植入覆膜支架以防止动脉瘤囊内的血流。虽然目前的腹主动脉瘤腔内修复术是一种有效的技术，但它需要长期监测术后并发症（例如，内漏、支架闭塞），这通常需要昂贵的放射成像技术，例如超声检查、计算机断层扫描（CT）或磁共振成像（MRI）。在本文中，我们通过开发具有超声供电、血流传感和集成无线电子器件的智能支架，提出了一种可访问和连续的腹主动脉瘤腔内修复术后监测方案。作为智能支架的主体，利用具有定制孔结构的压电膜。嵌入式孔结构的益处包括扩张和收缩以符合微创手术以及增强的超声供电和感测能力。由于负泊松比，智能支架在拉伸时直径能够扩张高达112%。超声波产生0.23 mW的电功率，其可以充分地操作低功率无线电子器件。智能支架的综合操作在体外演示。集成的流量传感器可以测量30 mL/min至980 mL/min的血流量，平均灵敏度为0.11 mV/mL/min。无线电子设备通过在1 m外调制81至88 MHz的载波频率来发送和接收此类血液流速数据。开发的智能支架原型是通过为患者和医生提供早期和频繁的诊断信息来最大限度地减少腹主动脉瘤腔内修复术后并发症的第一步。
Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) is an established and reliable surgical treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), where a covered stent is implanted to prevent blood flow in the aneurysm sac. Although current EVAR is an effective technique, it requires long-term monitoring for the post-operative complications (e.g., endoleak, stent occlusion), which usually requires expensive radiologic imaging techniques such as ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In this paper, we present an accessible and continuous post-EVAR surveillance scheme by developing a smart stent that features ultrasonic powering, blood flow sensing, and integrated wireless electronics. As the body of the smart stent, a piezoelectric membrane with a custom pore architecture is utilized. The benefits of the embedded pore architectures include the expansion and contraction to comply with a minimally invasive procedure and enhanced ultrasonic powering and sensing capability. The smart stent is able to expand up to 112% in diameter when stretched due to the negative Poisson’s ratio. The ultrasound generates 0.23 mW of electrical power, which can sufficiently operate a low power wireless electronics. A comprehensive operation of the smart stent is demonstrated in vitro. The integrated flow sensor can measure blood flow ranging between 30 mL/min to 980 mL/min with an average sensitivity of 0.11 mV/mL/min. The wireless electronics transmit and receive such blood flow rate data by modulating the carrier frequency from 81 to 88 MHz from 1 m away. The developed smart stent prototype is the first step towards minimizing post-EVAR complications by providing early and frequent access to diagnostic information to patients and physicians.