Leptospirosis in Latin America
Leptospirosis in Latin America
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DOI：
10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70216-6
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发表时间：
2000-03-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Torres, JR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lomar, AV;Diament, D;Torres, JR
钩端螺旋体病是拉丁美洲的一种常见病。通过接触被啮齿动物、狗或牲畜的尿液污染的水或土壤传播给人类。发病机制仍然知之甚少，细菌毒素或毒力因子可能是造成疾病的许多特征的原因。无黄疸型是最常见的表现，其临床表现类似于流感或其他急性发热性疾病。黄疸出血性钩端螺旋体病，或称威尔氏综合征，是这种疾病的严重形式。其临床表现与细菌性脓毒症相似，多器官受累，主要累及肾脏和肺部，并导致严重的发病率和死亡率。死亡通常与多器官功能衰竭和肺损伤有关，诊断基于血清学或血液、脑脊液和尿液在特定培养基中的培养。治疗包括抗生素和支持性措施的结合。
Leptospirosis is a common disease in Latin America. Transmission to humans occurs by contact with water or soil contaminated with the urine of rodents, dogs, or livestock. Pathogenesis is still poorly understood, and bacterial toxin or virulence factors are probably responsible for many features of the disease. The anicteric form is the most frequent presentation, and its clinical picture resembles influenza or other acute febrile diseases. Ictero-hemorrhagic leptospirosis, or Well's syndrome, represents the severe form of the disease. Its clinical picture is similar to bacterial sepsis and multiple organ involvement occurs, mainly in kidneys and lungs, and causes great morbidity and mortality. Death is often related to multiple organ failure and pulmonary hemorrhages, Diagnosis is based on serology or blood, cerebrospinal fluid and urine cultures in specific media. Treatment involves a combination of antibiotics and supportive measures.