Regulation of placental efficiency for nutrient transport by imprinted genes
Regulation of placental efficiency for nutrient transport by imprinted genes
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DOI：
10.1016/j.placenta.2005.12.008
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发表时间：
2006-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Constância, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Angiolini, E;Fowden, A;Constância, M
子宫内的生长和发育会影响个体的长期健康。胎儿依赖胎盘从母体获得营养和氧气。反过来，胎盘提供这种需求的功能能力是在胎儿和母体基因组的控制下。最近的证据表明，印记基因，一类在胎盘哺乳动物中发现的基因，其表达取决于其父母的起源，在胎盘中具有多重作用。印记基因调节胎盘的生长和运输能力，从而控制营养物质的供应。它们还可以直接调节胎儿组织的生长速度，从而控制胎儿的营养需求。最近的研究使用小鼠与胎盘和胎儿生长之间的平衡改变和胎盘效率的变化的印记基因的缺失或破坏是胎儿营养需求的胎儿胎盘信号。我们建议，涉及生长需求信号和营养转运蛋白的信号传导机制可能会发生，并对微调正常的胎儿生长很重要。
Intrauterine growth and development can impact upon the long-term health of an individual. The fetus is dependent upon the placenta for its supply of nutrients and oxygen from the mother. In turn, the functional capacity of the placenta to supply that demand is under the control of the fetal and maternal genomes. Recent evidence suggests that imprinted genes, a class of genes found in placental mammals whose expression depends on their parental origin, have multiple roles in the placenta. The imprinted genes regulate the growth and transport capacity of the placenta, therebv controlling the supply of nutrients. They may also regulate the growth rate of fetal tissues directly, thereby controlling nutrient demand by the fetus. Recent studies using mice with deletions or disruption of imprinted genes with an altered balance between placental and fetal growth and changes in placental efficiency are indicative of feto-placental signalling of fetal nutrient demand. We propose that signalling mechanisms involving growth demand signals and nutrient transporters are likely to occur and are important for fine tuning normal fetal growth.