Spatiotemporal Controls on Observed Daytime Ozone Deposition Velocity Over Northeastern U.S. Forests During Summer

Spatiotemporal Controls on Observed Daytime Ozone Deposition Velocity Over Northeastern U.S. Forests During Summer
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夏季美国东北部森林观测到的白天臭氧沉积速度的时空控制

DOI:
10.1029/2018jd029073
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Wehr, R.
Wehr, R.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Clifton, O. E.;Fiore, A. M.;Munger, J. W.;Wehr, R.

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尽管臭氧干沉降的时空变化对于准确解释和模拟对流层臭氧浓度具有重要意义,但它常常被忽视。了解气孔与非气孔沉积过程对臭氧沉积速度的影响对于归因观察到的臭氧沉积汇变化以及对生态系统的相关损害非常重要。在这里,我们的目标是确定气孔与非气孔沉积过程驱动观察到的 6 月至 9 月美国东北部臭氧沉积速度的变化。我们使用了马萨诸塞州哈佛森林(跨越十年)、宾夕法尼亚州凯恩实验森林和纽约沙滩州立森林(每个森林跨越一个生长季节)的臭氧涡度协方差测量值,以及观测驱动的模型。利用土壤湿度的累积降水量指标,我们推断干旱年份的高土壤吸收量和潮湿年份的低土壤吸收量可能导致哈佛森林臭氧沉降速度的两倍年际变化。我们将气孔沉积和湿度与每日时间尺度上臭氧沉积速度的变化联系起来。先前的工作指出,湿度依赖性可能反映了潮湿条件下叶子角质层的更高吸收。先前的研究还表明,雨后叶片角质层的吸收可能会增强,但我们发现雨天臭氧沉降速度的增加主要与气孔导度的增加有关。我们的分析强调需要限制臭氧干沉降到土壤的次季节变化以及生态系统胁迫期间的快速冠层化学反应。
Spatiotemporal variability in ozone dry deposition is often overlooked despite its implications for interpreting and modeling tropospheric ozone concentrations accurately. Understanding the influences of stomatal versus nonstomatal deposition processes on ozone deposition velocity is important for attributing observed changes in the ozone depositional sink and associated damage to ecosystems. Here, we aim to identify the stomatal versus nonstomatal deposition processes driving observed variability in ozone deposition velocity over the northeastern United States during June–September. We use ozone eddy covariance measurements from Harvard Forest in Massachusetts, which span a decade, and from Kane Experimental Forest in Pennsylvania and Sand Flats State Forest in New York, which span one growing season each, along with observation‐driven modeling. Using a cumulative precipitation indicator of soil wetness, we infer that high soil uptake during dry years and low soil uptake during wet years may contribute to the twofold interannual variability in ozone deposition velocity at Harvard Forest. We link stomatal deposition and humidity to variability in ozone deposition velocity on daily timescales. The humidity dependence may reflect higher uptake by leaf cuticles under humid conditions, noted in previous work. Previous work also suggests that uptake by leaf cuticles may be enhanced after rain, but we find that increases in ozone deposition velocity on rainy days are instead mostly associated with increases in stomatal conductance. Our analysis highlights a need for constraints on subseasonal variability in ozone dry deposition to soil and fast in‐canopy chemistry during ecosystem stress.
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