Glomalean mycorrhizal fungi from tropical Australia
Glomalean mycorrhizal fungi from tropical Australia
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来自热带澳大利亚的球囊菌根真菌
DOI：
10.1007/s005720050252
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发表时间：
1999
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
N. Ashwath
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mark C. Brundrett;D. Jasper;N. Ashwath
摘要在澳大利亚北领地一个季节性干燥的热带地区，从自然（稀树草原、洛基山、湿地和雨林）和扰动（矿区）生境中分离出泡囊-丛枝菌根（VAM）真菌，并进行开放盆栽培养，以补充有关这些真菌多样性的知识。 本实验考虑了影响在陷阱培养中获得的真菌多样性的因素，所述陷阱培养开始使用来自田间站点和两种宿主植物的稀释的土壤。一系列的土壤磷和其他养分水平从严重缺乏到足以最大限度地增长，用于确定营养的影响，对菌根协会高粱（Sorcumsp.）和三叶草（Trifolium submuceum）。以6周的间隔从盆中取出的土壤芯提供根和土壤以评估菌根形成和孢子形成，而不对植物造成实质性损害。通过观察三叶草根内的形态模式，VAM真菌属的鉴定揭示了土壤之间真菌种群的实质性差异和养分水平对真菌多样性的中等影响。还观察了31周实验期间根中不同真菌比例的变化。球囊霉属最初是最丰富的真菌根，但盾孢属。逐渐成为更占主导地位，在以后的收获，而定殖无梗孢属。一直都是有限的。对于三叶草和高粱，孢子形成是有限的，并占主导地位的盾孢和无梗孢的单一物种。这与原始田间土壤中孢子类型的多样性高得多形成对比。
Abstract The isolation of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi from natural (savanna, rocky hill, wetland and rainforest) and disturbed (minesite) habitats in a seasonally-dry tropical region in the Northern Territory of Australia into open-pot cultures was undertaken to supplement knowledge about the diversity of these fungi. This experiment considered factors affecting the diversity of fungi obtained in trap cultures started using diluted soil from field sites and two host plants. A range of soil phosphorus and other nutrient levels from severely deficient to sufficient for maximal growth was used to determine the impact of nutrition on mycorrhizal associations of sorghum (Sorghum sp.) and clover (Trifolium subterraneum). Soil cores taken from pots at 6-week intervals provided roots and soil to assess mycorrhiza formation and sporulation without substantial damage to plants. The identification of VAM fungi to genus by observing morphological patterns within clover roots revealed substantial differences in fungus populations between soils and a moderate effect of nutrient levels on fungal diversity. Changes in the proportion of different fungi in roots over the 31 weeks of the experiment were also observed. Glomus spp. were initially the most abundant fungi within roots, but Scutellospora spp. gradually became more dominant at later harvests, while colonisation by Acaulospora spp. was limited at all times. For both clover and sorghum, sporulation was limited and was dominated by single species of Scutellospora and Acaulospora. This contrasted with the much higher diversity of spore types in the original field soils.