Nutrition Trends in Kidney Transplant Recipients: the Importance of Dietary Monitoring and Need for Evidence-Based Recommendations.
Nutrition Trends in Kidney Transplant Recipients: the Importance of Dietary Monitoring and Need for Evidence-Based Recommendations.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmed.2018.00302
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Moore LW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nolte Fong JV;Moore LW
肾脏系统的许多生理特性影响营养代谢、消除和体内平衡。肾功能衰竭对维持充足的营养构成了重大挑战，其中大部分移植可以改善。对于慢性肾脏病和终末期肾脏病患者的营养紊乱管理存在全面的建议;然而，对于移植后营养不良和不良结局只有稀疏的指南。不仅指南有限，而且对肾移植受者的饮食趋势知之甚少。这篇综述描述了肾移植后普遍的代谢和营养并发症的指南，并评估了移植后热量摄入和饮食组成的变化。这个主题很重要，因为营养影响同种异体移植物功能和许多心血管危险因素，包括血压，血脂异常，体重和糖尿病。此外，许多饮食建议和可改变的生活方式改变应针对移植患者的特定并发症，即免疫抑制副作用，饮食限制和电解质失衡。
Many physiological properties of the renal system influence nutrient metabolism, elimination, and homeostasis. Kidney failure poses significant challenges to maintaining adequate nutrition, most of which transplantation ameliorates. Comprehensive recommendations for managing nutritional derangements for patients with chronic kidney disease and end stage renal disease exist; however, there are only sparse guidelines for post-transplant malnutrition and adverse outcomes. Not only are guidelines limited, but little is known about dietary trends of post-kidney transplant recipients. This review describes guidelines for prevalent metabolic and nutritional complications post-kidney transplantation and also evaluates changes in caloric intake and diet composition after transplantation. This topic is important because nutrition influences allograft function and a number of cardiovascular risk factors including blood pressure, dyslipidemia, weight, and diabetes. In addition, many dietary recommendations and modifiable lifestyle changes should be tailored for specific complications of transplant patients, namely immunosuppression side effects, dietary restrictions, and electrolyte imbalances.