Thinking about "why" eliminates retrieval-induced forgetting: Levels of construct affect retrieval dynamics
Thinking about "why" eliminates retrieval-induced forgetting: Levels of construct affect retrieval dynamics
复制标题
思考“为什么”可以消除检索引起的遗忘：构建水平影响检索动态
DOI：
10.1002/ejsp.2180
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ikeda;K.;Hattori;Y.;& Kobayashi;M.
本研究考察了联想水平如何影响提取诱导的遗忘。高水平的联想与刺激之间的相似性有关，这表明高水平的联想促进了关系加工。基于这一事实，在高水平识解条件下，由于关系加工的影响，提取诱导的遗忘可能会减少或消除。两个实验采用提取-练习范式，在启动联想水平的同时，使用不同的刺激。一项综合结果的Meta分析表明，提取诱导的遗忘发生在低水平的联想条件下，而遗忘在高水平的联想条件下没有发生。这些结果表明，抽象思维可以消除由于关系加工而引起的检索性遗忘，证明了联想水平对记忆抑制的作用。
The present study examined how levels of construal affect retrieval‐induced forgetting. Higher‐level construal is associated with the focus on the similarities among stimuli, suggesting that high‐level construal promotes relational processing. Based on this fact, retrieval‐induced forgetting may be reduced or eliminated under high‐level construal condition because of the effect of relational processing. Two experiments were conducted using a retrieval‐practice paradigm with different stimuli while priming the level of construal. A meta‐analysis synthesizing the results showed that retrieval‐induced forgetting occurred under the low‐level construal condition, whereas forgetting did not occur under the high‐level construal condition. These results suggest that abstract thinking can eliminate retrieval‐induced forgetting because of relational processing, demonstrating the role of the levels of construal on memory inhibition.