Risk factors for upper respiratory infection in the first year of life in a birth cohort
Risk factors for upper respiratory infection in the first year of life in a birth cohort
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijporl.2012.09.013
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发表时间：
2012-12-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Thenmozhi, M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rupa, V.;Isaac, Rita;Thenmozhi, M.
目的：尽管上呼吸道感染是婴儿发病的最常见原因之一，但没有关于印度婴儿上呼吸道感染发病率和风险因素的可靠数据。因此，我们的目的是研究的发病率和年龄相关的患病率，社会人口统计学的危险因素和关联上呼吸道感染和鼻咽定植肺炎链球菌在第一年的生活在农村indianinfants.Methods：一个出生队列的210名婴儿进行了评估，每月与鼻咽拭子，注意上呼吸道感染的频率和携带率与S。肺炎。11个潜在的危险因素的数据进行了记录，并进行了统计analysis.Results：上呼吸道感染发作开始在几个星期内的生活和增加的频率随着年龄的增长，在第9个月达到高峰，在72%。总体上有747例上呼吸道感染（每个儿童年随访6.1例）。患病率在冬季最高（65%）。在出生后第一年内有3个显著的上呼吸道感染危险因素，即，冬季（OR = 1.86，95% CI = 1.4-3.5），鼻咽部定植的S.肺炎（OR = 1.34; 95% CI = 1.1-1.7）和父母职业（OR = 1.37; 95% CI = 1.1-1.8）。对儿童性别、父母受教育程度、房屋类型、出生体重、家庭成员人数、被动吸烟、使用木柴做饭和水源等其他协变量进行了OR调整。季节性好发于冬季，鼻咽部定殖。肺炎和父母职业（社会经济地位差）是印度农村婴儿上呼吸道感染的最重要危险因素。(C)2012爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司保留所有权利。
Objectives: Despite being one of the commonest causes of morbidity among infants, there are no reliable data on the incidence and risk factors of upper respiratory infection among Indian infants. Accordingly, we aimed to study the incidence and age related prevalence, socio-demographic risk factors and association between upper respiratory infection and nasopharyngeal colonization with Streptococcus pneumoniae in the first year of life among rural Indian infants.Methods: A birth cohort of 210 babies was evaluated monthly with nasopharyngeal swabbing to note the frequency of upper respiratory infection and carriage rate with S. pneumoniae. Data on 11 potential risk factors were noted and subjected to statistical analysis.Results: Upper respiratory infection episodes commenced within a few weeks of life and increased in frequency with age, peaking at 72% in the 9th month. There were 747 episodes of upper respiratory infection overall (6.1 episodes per child-year follow up). The prevalence was maximum in the winter months (65%). There were 3 significant risk factors for upper respiratory infection in the first year of life, i.e., winter season (OR = 1.86; 95% CI = 1.4-3.5), nasopharyngeal colonization with S. pneumoniae (OR = 1.34; 95% CI = 1.1-1.7) and parental occupation (OR = 1.37; 95% CI = 1.1-1.8). The OR were adjusted for other covariates like sex of the child, parents' education, type of house, birth weight, number of family members, passive smoking, use of firewood for cooking and water source.Conclusions. Seasonal predilection in winter, nasopharyngeal colonization with S. pneumoniae and parental occupation (poor socioeconomic status) are the most important risk factors for upper respiratory infection among rural Indian infants. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.