Health inequalities in Lithuania: education and nutrition habits.
Health inequalities in Lithuania: education and nutrition habits.
复制标题
立陶宛的健康不平等：教育和营养习惯。
作者：
V. Grabauskas;J. Petkevičienė;V. Kriaučionienė;J. Klumbienė
这项研究的目的是评估立陶宛成年人的饮食行为和教育水平之间的关系。1994-2002年，在国际芬巴特健康监测项目范围内进行了五次健康行为调查。每一次调查都是从国家人口登记中随机抽取3000名20岁至的居民作为样本。研究材料是通过邮寄的问卷收集的，内容包括社会人口学特征和一些营养习惯。受访者按受教育程度分为三组：未完成中学、中学和大学教育的人。采用多元回归分析评价文化程度与营养习惯之间的关系。受过大学教育的人比受过不完全中学教育的人饮食更健康。与未完成中学教育的人相比，受过大学教育的人食用鱼类、蔬菜和水果以及使用植物油做饭的比例要高得多。在受教育程度较低的男性和女性中，饮用全脂牛奶的比例最高。受过高等教育的女性比那些受过不完全中学教育的女性更少吃肉。然而，受过大学教育的人更喜欢在面包上涂黄油。受过高等教育的男性每天吃奶酪的次数比受教育程度低的男性更多。在1994年至2002年期间，立陶宛人的营养习惯出现了积极的趋势。然而，营养习惯方面的教育差异仍然很大。最后，除了其他卫生干预措施外，旨在减少卫生不平等的方案应考虑立陶宛人在营养习惯方面的教育差异，更多地关注受教育程度较低的人。
The aim of the study was to evaluate the associations between food behavior and educational level among Lithuanian adult population. Five health behavior surveys were carried out within the international Finbalt Health Monitor project in 1994-2002. For every survey the national random sample of 3000 inhabitants aged 20-64 was taken from the National Population Register. The study material was collected through mailed questionnaires covering sociodemographic characteristics and some nutrition habits. The respondents were categorized according to the level of education into three groups: persons having incomplete secondary, secondary and university education. Multiple regression analysis was used for evaluation of associations between level of education and nutrition habits. The persons with university education have a healthier diet than those with incomplete secondary education. The consumption of fish, vegetables and fruit, use of vegetable oil for cooking, was substantially higher in those with university education as compared to persons with incomplete secondary education. The proportion of persons drinking whole milk was the highest among the low educated men and women. The high-educated women consumed meat less often than those with incomplete secondary education did. However, persons with university education preferred butter on bread. The high-educated men consumed cheese daily more often than those with low education. The positive trends in nutrition habits of Lithuanians were observed between 1994 and 2002. However, educational differences in nutrition habits still remain significant. In conclusion, alongside with other health interventions, the programs aimed at reducing inequalities in health should consider the educational differences in nutrition habits of Lithuanians paying more attention to less educated persons.