Output and sustainability of organic ley/arable crop rotations at two sites in northern Scotland
Output and sustainability of organic ley/arable crop rotations at two sites in northern Scotland
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苏格兰北部两个地点有机麦/耕作轮作的产量和可持续性
DOI：
10.1017/s0021859606006435
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Walker
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. R. Taylor;D. Younie;S. Matheson;M. Coutts;Claus Mayer;C. Watson;R. Walker
在阿伯丁的图洛赫（沙壤土，820 毫米降雨量）和埃尔金的伍德赛德（轻质沙壤土，730 毫米）进行的试验比较了含有不同比例春燕麦、瑞典菜、马铃薯和草/三叶草的有机管理作物轮作（图洛赫的轮作期为 0·50 和 0·67；伍德赛德的轮作期为 0·38 和 0·50）。这些试验通过使用放牧动物和回收农家粪便来模拟农场条件。每个地点的轮换产生了类似的财务产出。在轮作的主麦地阶段之后种植的燕麦产量比在轮作后期种植的燕麦产量更高（每平方米更多穗数和每穗粒数），但在塔洛赫，4 年麦地后的产量并不显着高于 3 年麦地后的产量。结论是，所有轮作在农艺和财务上都是可持续的。谷物单产的年际变化很大，但几乎没有迹象表明逐步下降。土壤有机质、土壤磷和土壤钾只有很小的变化。初夏耕作作物杂草覆盖率的增加与草/三叶草地里杂草入侵的增加并不相符，似乎没有影响产量。
Trials at Tulloch, Aberdeen (sandy loam soil, 820 mm rainfall) and Woodside, Elgin (light sandy loam, 730 mm) compared organically managed crop rotations containing different proportions of spring oats, swedes, potatoes and grass/clover leys (0·50 and 0·67 of the rotation at Tulloch; 0·38 and 0·50 at Woodside). The trials simulated farm conditions through the use of grazing animals and the recycling of farmyard manure. The rotations at each site gave similar financial outputs. Yields of oats were higher where these were grown after the main ley phase of the rotation than where they were grown later in the rotation (more ears/m2 and grains/ear), but were not significantly higher after a 4-year ley than after a 3-year ley at Tulloch. It was concluded that all of the rotations were agronomically and financially sustainable. Cereal yields showed large year-to-year variations but little indication of a progressive decline. There were only small changes in soil organic matter, soil P and soil K. Increased early summer weed cover in the arable crops was not matched by increases in weed invasion in the grass/clover leys and did not appear to be affecting yields.