Accounting for heterogeneity in small-scale fisheries management: The Amazon case
Accounting for heterogeneity in small-scale fisheries management: The Amazon case
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DOI：
10.1016/j.marpol.2012.09.001
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发表时间：
2013-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Almeida, Oriana T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Castello, Leandro;McGrath, David G.;Almeida, Oriana T.
热带小型渔业在各种渔业特征方面具有高度的异质性，但这种异质性一般没有得到充分研究，或在管理中得到考虑。本研究调查了渔业异质性和在何种程度上，它是占在管理条例中的八个小规模渔业社区位于亚马逊流域的洪泛区生态系统。对29 844个渔场登陆访谈数据的分析表明，所有群落在渔具、生境、物种组成、总渔获量和捕捞努力量方面的渔业异质性很高，但多年来在同一群落中的异质性很低，这表明必须将每个群落视为一个独特的管理单位。数据分析还显示，许多重要的社区渔业特征没有被政府和社区管理条例考虑在内。总渔获量和捕捞努力量基本上没有管制;三分之一的最重要渔业物种没有大小或禁渔期限制;大多数渔业物种所使用的育苗生境没有受到任何保护。显然，更多地关注跨社区渔业的异质性可以改善管理条例的设计和执行。小规模渔业的异质性所造成的管理问题进行了讨论，并考虑到“赤脚生态学家”的概念，以解决这些问题的潜力。(C)2012爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Tropical small-scale fisheries are highly heterogeneous with respect to a wide range of fisheries characteristics, but that heterogeneity has generally not been adequately studied or considered in management. This study investigated fisheries heterogeneity and the extent to which it is accounted for in management regulations in eight small-scale fishing communities located in floodplain ecosystems of the Amazon basin. Analyses of 29,844 fishery landing interview data revealed that fisheries heterogeneity with respect to gear, habitat, species composition, and total catch and fishing effort was high across all communities, but low over the years in the same communities, indicating that each community must be considered as a distinct management unit. Data analyses also revealed that many important community fisheries characteristics were not accounted for by government- and community-based management regulations. Total catch and fishing effort were largely unregulated; there were no size or closed season limits for one-third of the most important fishery species; and the nursery habitats used by most fishery species were not protected in any fashion. Clearly, increased attention to cross-community fisheries heterogeneity can improve the design and implementation of management regulations. The management problems created by the heterogeneity of small-scale fisheries are discussed, and the potential of the "barefoot ecologist" concept to address them is considered. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.